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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nerve cells contain a nucleus and a ______ or _____
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Cell body or soma
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Nerve cells contain a _________ and a cell body or soma.
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Nucleus
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The cell body receives impulses from its
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Dendrite
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Dendrites are also called what?
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Afferent fibers
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The cell body sends impulses out via it's
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axon
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Axon is also called
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efferent fiber
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Nerve impulses must cross from axon to dendrite by way of a
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synapse
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The chemical that transmits impulses from one nerve to another is
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acetylcholine
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A fatty sheath called ______ covers many neurons
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myelin
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The interior of a neuron has a ________ charge relative to the outside
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negative
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The extracellular fluid is rich in _______ ________ with a __________ charge
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sodium ions with a positive charge.
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A measure of how much voltage is required to drive the EEG pen a certain distance. Expressed as a comparison of voltage input in microvolts to pen deflection in millimeters.
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Sensitivity
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Calculation for Sensitivity
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Voltage / amplitude
S= V / A |
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Calculation for Voltage uV
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Amplitude X Sensitivity
V = A x S |
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Calculation for Amplitude (mm)
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Voltage / Sensitivity
A = V / S |
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Carry a positive charge and reside in the nucleus of an atom
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Proton
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Carry a negative charge and surround the nucleus in orbits
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Electrons
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States than while unlike charges attract, like charges repel.
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Coulombs law
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The movement of electrons in a conductor
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electric current
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Electrical measurement for current
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Ampere
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Abbreviation for ampere
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I
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Force that makes electrons flow
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Electromotive Force.
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Electromotive force is usually referred to as
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voltage.
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Unit of measure of resistance
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ohm
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Relationship between electricity, current, voltage and resistance is called
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ohm's law.
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Calc. for voltage
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Voltage = Current X Resistance
E = I X R |
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Calc. for current
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Current = Voltage / Resistance
I = E / R |
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Calculation for Resistance
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Resistance = Voltage / current
R = E / I |
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E
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Voltage
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I
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Current
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R
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Resistance
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Resistance is measured in
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Ohms
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Voltage is measured in
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Volts
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Current is measured in
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Amperes or amps
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Capacitance is measured in
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Farads
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impedence is measured in
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Ohms
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Resistance and Impedance are both measured in
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Ohms
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2 main functions of eeg amplifiers
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1. Discrimination of a signal between two imputs.
2. To increase the size of these potential differences to the level where they can drive the pens of a write out unit. |
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Name two types of amplifiers
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Single ended and differential
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In phase signals are also called what?
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Common mode signals
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Similar to resistors in that they are also materials that do not easily give up electrons
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Insulators.
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The primary affect of the low frequency filter is the attenuation of frequencies...
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below 5 Hz
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Low frequency filter is also called
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high pass filter
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The amount of time it takes the pen to fall to 37% of its initial input
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decay time constant
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The frequency above which there is minimal or no attenuation of an amplitude and below which there is significant attenuation of amplitude
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cut off frequency
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Time required for a capacitor to charge to 63% of its full charge
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Rise Time constant
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The high frequency filter is also called the
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high pass filter
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elements frequencies between 58-62 hz
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60 hz filter
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In the united states we use a standard paper speed of
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30 mm/sec or 3 cm/sec
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Slower paperspeeds have the affect of
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pushing waves together
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faster paperspeeds have the affect of
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spreading out the waveforms
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a measure of how much voltage is required to drive a pen a specific distance.
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Amplification
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Amplification is measured in
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microvolts per millimeter or uv/mm
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Calculation for Sensitivity
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Voltage / Amplitude
V / A |
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Voltage =
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Amplitude X sensitivity
A X S |
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Amplitude=
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Voltage / Sensitivity
V / S |
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number of waves per second
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Frequency
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Frequency is expressed as
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Hz or CPS
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test to see if pens jump when machine is turned on or off
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electrical baseline
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The amount of spacing between the baselines of each channel
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mechanical baseline
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proper alignment of the pens
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time axis
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2 components of the nervous system
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central and peripheral
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The central nervous system consists of...
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brain and spinal cord
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4 parts brain can be divided into
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cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
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involved in higher brain functions, thinking sensation and movement
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cerebrum
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4 lobes of the cerebrum
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frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital.
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The diencephalon contains the
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thalamus and hypothalamus
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responsible for pacing rhythmic eeg activity such as alpha and sleep spindles.
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thalamus
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Plays a role in pain sensation and maintenance of alertness
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thalamus
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regulates basic biological needs such as hunger and thirst
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hypothalamus
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The brainstem contains the
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midbrain, pons, medulla.
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