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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General formula of alcohols? |
CnH2(n+1)OH |
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Why do alcohols have higher boiling points than alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms? |
Due to the OH group alcohols can hydrogen bond to one another. These need to be broken to boil them. |
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Why are alcohols water soluble? |
The OH group hydrogen bonds to water molecules. |
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What properties do alcohols with more OH groups have? |
Higher boiling points in comparison to alcohols with the save number of carbons and less OH groups. More water soluble. More viscous. |
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Name the main oxidising agent used to oxidise alcohols and the change it undergoes in the reaction. |
Acidified Cr2O7 2-. Orange. To Cr3+ green. |
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How do you produce an aldehyde from a primary alcohol. Include a reaction. |
Add acidified dichromate VI. Distill. The distillate will be the aldehyde. CH3CH2OH + [O]->CH3CHO +H2O |
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How do you produce a carboxylic acid from a primary alcohol? Include example reaction. |
Heat strongly under reflux with acidified dichromate VI. CH3CH2OH+2[O]->CH3COOH+ H2O |
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Do tertiary alcohols get oxidised? |
No |
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How to oxidise secondary alcohols. Include name and an example reaction. |
Heat under reflux with acidified dichromate VI. Produces a ketone. CH3CHOHCH3 +[O]->CH3COCH3+H2O |
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Give an example of a substitution reaction of an alcohol with a hydrogen halide. How is the HBr produced? Give an overall reaction for this process. |
CH3OH+HBr->CH3Br+H2O H2SO4 and sodium halide react to produce HX in situ. NaBr+H2SO4->NaHSO4+HBr CH3OH +H2SO4+NaBr->CH3Br+H2O+NaHSO4 |
