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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the scientific method?
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The scientific method is a process that propagates scientific advancement with the practice of stating a problem, forming a hypothesis, conducting an experiment, and forming a general conclusion based on the results of the experiment.
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What is a hypothesis?
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A hypothesis is a claim that helps explain the nature of a testable problem that has defined parameters.
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What is the final step to an experiment?
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The formation of a general conclusion to the hypothesis or the further experimentation to further test the hypothesis.
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What is the basic SI unit of length?
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meter (m)
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What is the basic SI unit of mass?
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kilogram (kg)
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What is the basic SI unit of time?
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The second (s)
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The prefix "mega" means what in terms of the basic SI unit?
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1,000,000
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How long is a micrometer?
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.000001 m
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The prefix "deci" means what in terms of the basic SI unit?
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.1
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How many centimeters in an inch?
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2.54
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What is the basic SI unit of time?
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The second (s)
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The prefix "mega" means what in terms of the basic SI unit?
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1,000,000
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How long is a micrometer?
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.000001 m
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The prefix "deci" means what in terms of the basic SI unit?
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.1
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How many centimeters in an inch?
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2.54
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How many kilograms are in a slug?
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14.59
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What is the difference between a scalar quantity and a vector quantity?
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The scalar quantity possesses magnitude while a vector quantity possesses magnitude and direction.
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Temperature, speed, and time are examples of what type of quantity?
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They are all scalar quantities
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Acceleration, velocity, force are examples of what type of quantity?
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They are all vector quantities
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How does a vector multiplied by a factor of -2 compare to that of its itself?
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The new vector will have a magnitude of twice the original while its direction will be in the opposite direction.
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How would you perform vector subtraction?
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Add a negative vector
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What is position?
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The distance an object is from the origin in a given coordinate system
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What is displacement?
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The amount the position that has changed over time. The value of displacement can be described as the difference of the final position and the initial position. The value of displacement is independent of where the origin is located.
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What is velocity and how does it relate to speed?
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Velocity (v) is displacement divided by time: (Δx/Δt). Speed is the absolute value of this quantity.
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What is acceleration?
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Acceleration (v) is the change in velocity over time: (Δv/Δt). We can manipulate the formula further to describe acceleration as displacement over change in time squared (Δd/Δt^2).
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How would you perform vector subtraction?
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Add a negative vector
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What is position?
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The distance an object is from the origin in a given coordinate system
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What is displacement?
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The amount the position that has changed over time. The value of displacement can be described as the difference of the final position and the initial position. The value of displacement is independent of where the origin is located.
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What is velocity and how does it relate to speed?
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Velocity (v) is displacement divided by time: (Δx/Δt). Speed is the absolute value of this quantity.
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What is acceleration?
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Acceleration (v) is the change in velocity over time: (Δv/Δt). We can manipulate the formula further to describe acceleration as displacement over change in time squared (Δd/Δt^2).
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The acceleration due to gravity was described by who?
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Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
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What is gravity?
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Gravity is the rate at which objects fall due to their attraction with the Earth's core (with the absence of air resistance). Gravity has a constant acceleration, 9.8 m/s^2.
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The kinematics equations are:
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v = v0 +at : (If you are given initial velocity, acc., and time, and need to solve for velocity)
Δx = 1/2(v0 + v)t : (If you are given initial velocity, velocity, time, and need to solve for displacement.) Δx = v0t + 1/2at^2: (If you are given initial velocity, time, acceleration, and are solving for displacement.) v^2 = v0^ + 2aΔx (If you are given initial velocity, acceleration, and time, and are solving for velocity.) |
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How to find displacement or change in time ff an object in free fall:
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Δy: v0t + 1/2at^2 -> 100: 0 + 1/2 (9.8)t^2
Since there is no initial velocity for objects in free fall, we eliminate the variable v0t, and since the form of acceleration is gravity, we replace "a" with the gravitational constant "g" to get: Δy = 1/2gt^2. |
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If a ball is thrown up into the air, and comes back down, its velocity changes throughout the time interval. Does the acceleration change.
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No, the acceleration (gravity) is constant and changes the velocity systematically
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If a projectile is launched horizontally from a given height, how long will it take for it to reach the ground?
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The same amount of time it would take as if it were in free fall.
Since the x and y vectors of motion are independent of each other, gravity will act upon the y vector in the same way that if the projectile had 0 initial velocity (free fall). Since the two perpendicular directions are independent of each other, we can use the same 4 kinematics equations with just a change in the variable x to y. |
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What does Newton's First Law of Motion state?
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An objects has a state of inertia or continues in a constant velocity unless a force has acted upon it.
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How does the force of gravity act upon a given object's mass?
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While the acceleration of gravity remains the same for all objects, the force that gravity acts upon a given object to maintain this constant acceleration depends on its mass, which is given by the formula, F=mg.
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