8.25 Ireland Sprains

Front 1

difference between sprain and strain

Back 1

sprain is ligaments

strain is muscle or tendon

Front 2

#1 problem of ankle sprains

Back 2

re-sprain the ankle

Front 3

what is rupture?

Back 3

when it's straight up torn

can tear tendons if muscles too strong for them

Front 4

why do you typically injure the same ligament in ankle?

Back 4

anterior talofibular because plantar flexion and then it happens

Front 5

how do you tell if Achilles tendon is ruined?

Back 5

Thompson Test

palpitate the calf and foot will passively plantarflex

Front 6

my pt can plantarflex so his achilles tendon is fine.

Back 6

no. other things can plantarflex besides tendon

Front 7

what motion/sign tells you knee dislocation

Back 7

opens up to varus/valgus

stress testing in extension

Front 8

knee dislocation: what all are you fixing?

Back 8

checking nerves

vasculature

then ligaments etc

Front 9

scaphoid fractures can be confused with

Back 9

wrist sprain but really it's a stress fracture

Front 10

for wrist using ice/cold things

Back 10

be careful it's not too long

Front 11

how do you get rid of the swelling inflammation

Back 11

warm things, moving it

Front 12

what medication types may increase risk for tendon ruptures?

Back 12

antibiotic: fluoroquinolones

statins

then perf enhancing drugs and steroid injections

Front 13

people with renal failure have a common rupture

Back 13

quad tendon rupture

Front 14

for ankles what motion is usually spraining them?

Back 14

plantarflexion, inversion injury

Front 15

which gets hurt more often: knee or ankle?

Back 15

knees. Ankles are inherently stable.

Front 16

Why don't ACL and PCL heal?

Back 16

have to get nutrients off synovial fluids and there are enzymes in there not conducive to healing

Front 17

if the ACL is blown out why is it bad to still play soccer or basketball anyway?

Back 17

the unstable knee will be injured more: tear up menisci

Front 18

how do tendons get torn?

Back 18

muscles too strong and pull it off

often in older people

Front 19

in a child where are they going to have injuries from repetitive motions?

Back 19

often through growth plate because it's weakest point

Front 20

what is the most common injury in sports?

Back 20

ankle spragin

Front 21

how do you express the severity of an ankle sprain?

Back 21

Grade I II III IV (I being least bad, IV being gross dislocation)

these are based on swelling and instability

Front 22

when ankle is sprained, what all ligaments could that involve?

Which is the most commonly injured?

Back 22

*Lateral ligaments (calcaneal fibular; *ant talofibular, post talofibular)

medial ligamentous complex = deltoid

tibiofibular ligament

Front 23

how would you describe the configuration of the ankle joint?

Back 23

modified hinge joint

mortise (carpentry term)

circular pretzel

Front 24

how can you tell how sprained someone's ankle is?

Back 24

they do an ankle tilt and see how wide an angle opens up between tibia and talus on normal and injured ankle.

Front 25

does taping and bracing ankles work to prevent injuries?

Back 25

yes but more for players with previous ankle injury than healthy athletes

Front 26

which is better: taping or bracing?

Back 26

bracing probably

Front 27

a syndesmosis injury takes longer/shorter time to heal

Back 27

longer

Front 28

if you do a tendon transfer- what's the worry?

Back 28

weaken something else or make a joint too stiff

so anatomic repairs are better

Front 29

you can inject a ___ but you don't want to inject a ___

Back 29

ligament, tendon

Front 30

who is usually tearing their achilles?

Back 30

older weekend warriors and people who suck like Brod

Front 31

before surgery they check to make sure to know where ___ is

Back 31

nerves. though veins and arteries too lol

Front 32

pt has straight posterior instability. what's wrong

Back 32

PCL

Front 33

acute knee dislocations are uncommon but may also be ...

Back 33

underdiagnosed

Front 34

what is it important to fix knee dislocation quickly?

Back 34

neurovasculature

check pulses

Front 35

how can you diagnose a knee dislocation

Back 35

if knee opes varus/valgus in extension then assume it's dislocated

Front 36

an anterior dislocation of knee is from?

posterior?

Back 36

hyperextension

direct blow anterior @ proximal tibia

Front 37

a positive pivot shift tells you what

Back 37

the knee is unstable- not just that ACL is gone but that it's not stable.

Front 38

if you tear the ACL the first time, what else may you find if pt is still playing sports

Back 38

meniscus tears, pieces fractured off lateral epicondyle