7Th Grade Science Cells

Front 1

cell wall

Back 1

The rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms. It is made up of a tough, yet flexible material called cellulose.

Front 2

cell membrane

Back 2

The membrane that controls what substances come into and out of a cell. In cells with cell walls, the cell membrane is located just inside the cell wall. In cells without cell walls, the membrane forms the outside boundary that separates the cell from its environment.

Front 3

nucleus

Back 3

The "control center" of a cell, the nucleus directs all of the cell's activities, including reproduction.

Front 4

nuclear membrane

Back 4

The nuclear membrane protects the nucleus. Small openings in the nuclear membrane allow matierals to pass in and out of the nucleus.

Front 5

chromatin

Back 5

Strands containing genetic material that float in the nucleus and direct the functions of a cell.

Front 6

nucleolus

Back 6

A structure floating in the nucleus where ribosomes are made.

Front 7

ribosomes

Back 7

Ribosomes are the organelles where proteins are produced.

Front 8

cytoplasm

Back 8

The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

Front 9

mitochrondria

Back 9

Rod-shaped structures that are the "powerhouses" of the cell because they produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions.

Front 10

endoplastic reticulum

Back 10

passages that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.

Front 11

ribosomes

Back 11

attached to the outer surface of the endoplasmic reticulum or found floating in the cytolasm, ribosomes function as factories that produce proteins.

Front 12

golgi bodies

Back 12

a flattened collection of sacs and tubes, they receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell.

Front 13

chloroplasts

Back 13

found in plant cells and some other organisms, they capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. This is what gives plants their green color.

Front 14

vacuoles

Back 14

The storage area of the cell, most plant cells have just one large vacuole, some animal cells do not have vacuoles; others do. Vacuoles float in the cyctoplasm.
Vaculoes store food and other materials needed by the cell. They store waste products. They are full of water and make the cell plump and firm. Without much water in the vacuoles, the plant wilts.

Front 15

lysosomes

Back 15

small, round structures that contain chemicals that break down old cell parts and release the substances so they can be used again. They are more common in animal cells than in plants cells. The membrane around the lysosome keeps these harsh chemicals from escaping and breaking down the rest of the cells.

Front 16

diffusion

Back 16

the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.