5.4

Front 1

define repair

Back 1

restoring the normal function and structure of a tissue

Front 2

define wound

Back 2

short term, acute injury at a specific site

Front 3

what is regeneration

Back 3

complete or near complete recovery of functional cells (parenchyma) and the supporting cell network (stroma); no scar

Front 4

what is healing

Back 4

partial or incomplete recovery of the tissue, fibrous scar is made

Front 5

shortlife span and are replaced from a reserve of continuously reproducing stem cells.

Back 5

labile cells

Front 6

have a life span of months to years. Theyreproduce slowly unless there is injury.

Back 6

stable cells

Front 7

are not capable of regeneration. They must lasta lifetime.

Back 7

permanent cells

Front 8

these cells are in organs that are metabolicallyactive

Back 8

stable cells

Front 9

Cells of this type are in the skin, the bonemarrow, the intestinal epithelium cells, bronchial epithelium cells, thelymphoid organs, urinary and genital tract cells

Back 9

labile cells

Front 10

Cells of this type are cardiac, cells of thelens and skeletal muscle cells and neurons

Back 10

permanent cells

Front 11

what is the basement membrane?

Back 11

a thin, filmy membrane that underlies all endothelium

Front 12

what is the extracellular matrix?

Back 12

collage, elastin and fibroblasts; to make a mesh of supporting network

Front 13

function of integrins

Back 13

from cell to cell connections in the extracellular matrix

Front 14

epidermal growth factors come from?

Back 14

macrophages and platelets

Front 15

function of epidermal growth factors

Back 15

fibroblasts and endothelial cells to migrate and reproduce

Front 16

vascular endothelial growth factors are derived from what?

Back 16

fibrocytes and muscle cells

Front 17

function of vascular endothelial growth factors?

Back 17

increase permeability and endothelial cell division

Front 18

how long after an injury does angioneogenesis start?

Back 18

48-72 hours after injury

Front 19

after collagen is deposited to the injury site, what 3 things happen to it?

Back 19

contraction, reshaping and strengthening

Front 20

describe cell migration to the wound in 4 steps

Back 20

leukocytes clear the wound, then they make cytokines that attract myofibroblasts, angioblasts form new capillaries at the site of injury, myofibroblasts fill the rest of the injury w collagen that pulls the tissue back together forming the supporting network

Front 21

what is the composition of granulation tissue?

Back 21

fibroblasts, edema and leukocytes

Front 22

what type of wounds does healing by first intention occur in?

Back 22

narrow wounds

Front 23

describe healing by first intention in 5 steps

Back 23

neutrophils come and clear the site, then replaced by macrophages, then angioneogenesis then collagen laid down by fibroblasts, then a pink scar is formed and blood vessels leave the area

Front 24

tensile strength of the wound is what % of the original tissue?

Back 24

10%

Front 25

at 3 months after first intention healing began, what is the tensile strength?

Back 25

75%

Front 26

at 1 year after first intentions healing began what is the tensile strength?

Back 26

almost 100%

Front 27

what type of wound is second intention healing seen in?

Back 27

wide and deep wounds

Front 28

describe process of second intention healing

Back 28

granulation tissue clumps and fills the large found, a lot of necrotic tissue, then endothelial cells lay a thin membrane over the granulation tissue and granulation evolves into a scar

Front 29

what is the most common cause of abnormal wound healing?

Back 29

infection

Front 30

poor nutrition of what can interfere with wound healing?

Back 30

decrease amounts of vitamin c and protein

Front 31

define the term dehisence

Back 31

wounds that do not heal properly and burst or rupture

Front 32

wounds located where in the body is a common example of dehisence?

Back 32

abdominal wound

Front 33

Cells of this type are cardiac, cells of thelens and skeletal muscle cells and neurons.

Back 33

keloid

Front 34

keloids are common in what population?

Back 34

african descent

Front 35

localized, highly vascular, persistentgranulation tissue. The tissue has lost its inflammatory infiltrate and oedemafluid. They look like a benign vascular tumour

Back 35

pyogenic granuloma

Front 36

regrowth of nervous connections (periphery) occur at what rate?

Back 36

1 mm/day