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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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biochemical data is both _____ and ______ |
objective and quantitative |
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what can distort biochemical results? |
fluid status, stressed states (infection, surgery), lack of nutrients, medications, metabolic changes during illness or stress |
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what are biochemical labs used for? |
used to assess body stores of a nutrient of a physiologic function that is dependent on that nutrient biochemical markers can often detect deficiencies before physical signs interpret results carefully and use reference values established by your individual lab |
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biochemical indices are grouped into two categories: |
static (direct) and functional (indirect) |
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static tests |
measurement of a nutrient or metabolite in blood, urine, or body tissue example: blood vitamin E concentration, urinary potassium |
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limitation of static tests |
caution must be taken as some nutrient concentrations in the blood/urine do not reflect nutritional status of the nutrient within the body example: blood calcium is not indicative of calcium stores in the body |
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functional tests |
assess nutritional status by measuring a function of that nutrient based on the principle that the final outcome and the importance of nutrient deficiency is the failure of the biological processes that depend on that nutrient example: assessment of vitamin A via dark adaptation, assessment of vitamin B6 via urinary excretion of xanthurenic acid in response to tryptophan consumption |
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explain vitamin B6 functional test |
vitamin B6 is necessary to turn tryptophan to niacin; if you are deficient in B6, tryptophan will turn to xanthurenic acid - give dose of tryptophan and collect urine to measure xanthurenic acid |
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you must interpret biochemical results carefully. To do this you must know: |
the appropriate test to measure nutrient status the nutritional and non-nutritional factors that alter blood chemistries |
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non-nutritional factors that can alter blood and urine biochemistries |
disease processes, treatments, procedures, medications, hydration status |
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when interpreting biochemical data, remember: |
a review of repeated lab data is recommended - trend is more important than any single measure assay methods vary from lab to lab and you should use the reference values established in the lab of your hospital/clinic an improvement in biochemical data does not always confer clinical benefit - improved clinical outcome remains the ultimate goal assess the patient, not the lab value - abnormal reports that are unexpected should be repeated before action is taken |
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give an example of when biochemical result improvements don't always mean clinical benefit |
vitamin D status may raise quickly in the blood but stores of calcium in the bone need longer to build up (need consistently good vitamin D levels to adequately build up good calcium concentration in the bone) |
