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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When does the placenta assume hormonal control from the corpus luteum?
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first trimester
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What hormone maintains the corpus luteum?
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human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
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What initiates parturition?
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uterine contractions- initiated by somatoliberin released by the placenta after development is complete
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What is the role of progesterone during birth?
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Levels decrease since progesterone maintains pregnancy and inhibits uterine contractions
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What hormones stimulate uterine contractions?
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Prostaglandins and oxytocin
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What does relaxin do?
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Softens the cervix
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How in the neuroendocrine reflex involved in parturition?
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stimulates oxytocin release, which causes contractions and stimulates prostaglandin release, which also causes uterine contractions. This causes the foetus to push against the cervix, further activating the neuroendocrine reflex.
Positive feedback loop |
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What is the role of oestrogen in parturition?
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corticoliberin -> ACTH -> DHEA (adrenal cortex) -> oestrogen
oestrogen increases the expression of oxytocin receptors in the myometrium and increases the secretion of prostaglandins |
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How is the positive parturition feedback cycle stopped?
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Birth of the baby
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What are the three stages of labour?
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1. Dilation of the cervix to 10cm
2. Bearing down and delivery of baby 3. delivery of placenta |
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Where is prolactin released from?
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The anterior pituitary. Stimulated when prolactin inhibiting hormone decreases e.g. during suckling
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What are the two hormones involved in breast feeding?
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Oxytocin (release-contract myoepithelial cells) and prolactin (stimulates milk production)
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Are maternal immunoglobulins present in breast milk?
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Yes
The baby acquires passive immunity. |
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What is the effect of oestrogen on lactation?
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Oestrogen is involved in breast development BUT inhibits milk secretion.
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What is the effect of progesterone on lactation?
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Progesterone converts mammary duct epithelium to secretory epithelium BUT inhibits milk secretion
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