1322 • Week 5-6 • Ba

Front 1

What are the five ways in which foam extinguishes fire?

Back 1

-Dilutes the surrounding air with water vapour.

-Isolates fuel from the oxygen in the air.

-Forms a speaking blanket over the surface preventing vapour from escaping.

-Intercepts radiant heat from flames.

-Cools the fuel by absorbing heat.

Hint 1

DIFIC

Front 2

Foam concentrations by ratio...

Back 2

-Low Expansion, 2:1 - 20:1

-Medium Expansion (non LFB), 20:1 - 200:1

-High Expansion, 200:1 - 2000:1

Front 3

When foam is produced there are three factors that can be varied:

Back 3

-Volume of air mixed with solution.

-The size of bubbles.

-Quantity of concentrate added.

Hint 3

A.B.C

Front 4

The effectiveness of foam depends on the following factors...

Back 4

-Concentrate in good condition

-Correct mixture of concentrate used

-Good maintenance of equipment

-Correct pump pressure used for the equipment

Hint 4

Good correct good correct

Front 5

What are the two branches that have foam aspirator attachments?

Back 5

-Delta Attack 400-S-Pro

-Akron Ground Monitor

Front 6

What are the four methods of foam application?

Back 6

-Gentle (from afar to let the foam lose velocity)

-Raindown (aim high to allow foam to drift onto fire)

-Rolling on (aim on the ground to produce a rolling wall toward fire)

-Off wall (onto an object so the foam rolls down the object/wall onto fire)

Front 7

Seven considerations when using foam?

Back 7

-Never apply water onto burning liquid.

- If the burning liquid is flowing, apply the foam to the furthest point from the fire.

-Cool surrounding risks with a covering jet.

-Ensure there's enough foam available to apply and maintain a complete seal.

-Preserve foam blanket once application is complete.

-Open branch away from fire until a consistent supply is achieved.

-Dont walk on or drag hose through the foam and disrupt the seal.

Hint 7

NICEPOD

Front 8

What are the 3 factors determining distance between pumps in a water relay?

Back 8

1. Flow required.

2. Diameter of hose line between pumps.

3. Contours of the relay route.

Front 9

How can the output of a water relay be improved?

Back 9

-Shorten distance between pumps by using more intermediate pumps.

-Increase diameter of the hose used.

Front 10

What are the two types of water relay?

Back 10

•Closed circuit- water pumped through hose direct from one pump to the next, using the lpp.

•Open circuit- water is pumped through hose connected to portable dams, reservoirs or the appliance tank before the inlet of the next pump in the relay.

Front 11

When the base pump is working from open water, what should be done to the spacing between the base and first intermediate pump and why?

Back 11

Distance between the base and 1st intermediate pump should be reduced.

Base pump is using some energy to lift from open water, so the output pressure to the intermediate pump is reduced.

Front 12

What are the hazards when using high Expansion foam?

Back 12

-Claustrophobia

-Disorientation

-Limits audibility

-Mini backdraughts and fire explosions due to pockets of oxygen starved fire and unignited gases

-Severely affected light penetration

-Difficulty in realising spread of fire due to reduction in transmission of heat

-Obscured view of surrounding damage to structure and signs of collapse

Hint 12

7

Front 13

The LFB provides the following equipment to be used at incidents and in training...

Back 13

-Standard Duration Breathing Apparatus (SDBA)

-Extended Duration Breathing Apparatus (EDBA)

-Respirators

-Powered Respirator Protective Suits (PRPS)

Front 14

Firefighters will don RPE when they are committed to or are otherwise likely to work in atmospheres with the potential to cause:

Back 14

-Chronic Respiratory Risk (long term harm)

-Acute Respiratory Risk (immediate threat)

-Airborne Particulates (P3 filter cartridge)

Hint 14

3

Front 15

A wearer of BA may face other risks in addition to irrespirable atmosphere, such as?

Back 15

-Fire

-Explosion

-Collapse

-Hazardous Substance

Front 16

Air consumption rates are influenced by a number of factors, such as?

Back 16

•Physical Exertion - The harder the body works, the greater it's demand for oxygen, causing harder breathing.

•Physical Fitness - A physically fit person will find tasks less demanding, and so consume less air.

•Stress - Gives rise to a psychological response including increased pulse and breathing rates.

Front 17

What are the four ways in which the body dissipates heat?

Back 17

•Radiation - Heat travels from hotter to cooler regions, prevented by RPE & PPE.

•Convection - Cool air flowing over the body, prevented by RPE & PPE.

•Vaporisation - Blood is cooled by the lungs by inhaling cool air.

•Evaporation - Sweat evaporates, prevented by RPE & PPE.

Front 18

Heat stress causes deterioration in...

Back 18

-Coordination.

-Manipulation.

-Visual Skills.

-Reasoning.

Front 19

What parts of the body should be cooled to prevent build up of heat and make sure effects are minimised?

Back 19

Arms from finger tip to elbow, head.

Front 20

What are the physical effects of heat stress?

Back 20

•Heat Cramps - Painful muscle cramps, flushed moist skin.

•Heat Exhaustion - Weakness, vomiting, pale moist skin, nausea.

•Heat Stroke - Medical emergency, warm dry skin, agitation, nausea, confusion.

Front 21

What are the minimum rest and recovery periods after BA wear?

Back 21

•Ambient BA wear - 30 minutes rest and 500ml cool water.

•Hot & Humid BA wear - 60 minutes rest and 1000ml cool water.

Front 22

How much does the Dräger PSS 7000 BA set weigh?

Back 22

15.5kg

Front 23

What is the working duration of the SDBA set?

Back 23

31 minutes at 50lpm

Front 24

Define STOPCAB (What is the Dräger BA Set?)

Back 24

Self contained

Two stage

Open circuit

Positive pressure

Compressed

Air

Breathing apparatus set

Hint 24

+Positive pressure, first breath activated

+Speech diaphragm

+Additional flow button

+Stable air supply with low breathing resistance

Front 25

What is the name of the facemask used by the LFB?

Back 25

Face Protection System (FPS) 7000

Front 26

What is the function of the "Reducer" in the FPS 7000?

Back 26

Reduces the cylinder pressure from 300 bar to between 6-9 bar.

Front 27

What is the function of the bodyguard 7000?

Back 27

Provides the BA wearer with visual and audible monitoring, and alarm system

Front 28

At what pressure does the Electronic Low Pressure warning sound? (Time of Warning)

Back 28

84 bar (12 minute safety margin)

Front 29

At what pressure does the pneumatic low pressure warning whistle sound?

Back 29

74 (+/- 5) bar (10 minute safety warning)

Front 30

What are the DSU and ADSU on the Bodyguard 7000?

Back 30

-button activated manual Distress Signal Unit.

-motion sensor and Automatic Distress Signal Unit.

Front 31

What colour LED is shown on the Bodyguard 7000 when it is operational?

Back 31

Green

Front 32

Fill in the gaps:

The SDBA cylinder has a water capacity of ___ and contains ___ litres of compressed air when fully charged to ___ bar.

It is hydraulically tested to ___ bar every ___ years.

Back 32

-8 Litres water capacity

-2160 litres of compressed air

-300 bar fully charged

-tested to 450 bar

-every 5 years

Front 33

What do the black and white marks on the top of the cylinder indicate?

Back 33

That it contains medical grade breathable air

Front 34

What is the lifespan of the SDBA cylinder?

Back 34

30 years

Front 35

Symptoms of Heat Stroke

Back 35

-Cessation of sweating

-Nausea/Vomiting

-Rapid, Strong pulse

-May lose consciousness

-Red, hot, dry skin

-Throbbing headache

-Confusion

-Convulsions

Front 36

What is the test frequency of the Personal Line, and Cable cutters?

Back 36

-On receipt, after use, and 28 days.

-When allocated to a wearer on station/at an incident.

Front 37

When receiving a cylinder, if any of the following apply the cylinder is defective:

Back 37

-The body of the cylinder is scored (scratching is inevitable)

-The valve assembly or outlet thread is damaged

-The hydraulic test is out of date, they're tested every 5 years

Front 38

There may be circumstances when a single FF wearing BA is acceptable, what are they?

Back 38

-Working in open air

-AND in line of sight of the ECO

Front 39

When is a 'B' test carried out?

Back 39

B Test routine - BORAT

-On Receipt at station.

-After any use.

-Twenty Eight days

Front 40

What are the 4 routine duties of a BA wearer?

Back 40

-An 'A' Test when taking over a set, following a cylinder change or when nominated to test a spare set.

-Inform the OIC if their set has not had a 28 day test.

-Immediately report defects or missing equipment to the OIC.

-Keep the BA facemask seal free from hair.

Front 41

When should a BA wearer start up the set at an incident?

Back 41

-On safe air at Entry Control Point.

Standing around under air outside of the incident will reduce the effective working time.

Front 42

What are the duties of a BA wearer at an indicent?

Back 42

-Undertake an 'A' test when taking over the set or following a cylinder change (fireground A test).

-Don and Start in safe air.

-Ensure they have at least 240bar reading on the bodyguard when reporting to the ECO.

-Establish and confirm a callsign with the ECO.

-Upon start up, carry out safety checks and on conpletion of these checks present to the ECO and hand them your tally.

Hint 42

5 duties

Front 43

What are the six aspects of an incident that should be taken into account by BA team leaders and wearers when assessing working duration?

Back 43

-The air taken to reach the scene of operations.

-Work rate at the scene of operations.

-Conditions within the incident that reduce working duration and cause physical exhaustion.

-The possibility that conditions on the exit route have deteriorated.

-Information received from entry control and other teams.

-Consumption rates will be higher on the way out due to natural effects of physical exertion and increased exertion such as exiting a basement via stairs

Front 44

A team leader must withdraw their team and inform entry control if...

Back 44

-Any team members Bodyguard is faulty/unreadable.

-Any team member has Uncontrolled loss of air.

-A Low pressure warning device sounds.

-A complete Loss of radio and telemetry signals simultaneously.

-A team members ADSU/DSU sound.

-Any team member is Confused or unwell.

-A team member indicates they've been Exposed to an irrespirable atmosphere due to defective or damaged face mask.

-The team can't withdraw as a Single-Unit, and must go into entrapped procedure.

Hint 44

BULLACES

Front 45

What are the two purposes of the inner mask of BA face mask?

Back 45

-Prevent misting

-Prevents build up of CO2 in the mask

Front 46

What are the duties of a BA Team Leader?

Back 46

-Ensure the team is fully briefed and debriefed, and all information is is passed on to ECO, IC, SC and other BA teams.

-Lead team to complete the assigned tasks and return to ECP.

-Regularly promote and maintain comms within BA teams.

-Coordinate pressure and telemetry signal checks.

-Monitor the working conditions and be aware of changing conditions.

-Ensure the team stays together.

-Ensure that any deviation from the plan is instantly communicated with the ECO.

-Prompt team task rotation and air management.

-Ensure the withdrawal button is pressed when withdrawing, and confirm with ECO.

Front 47

What is meant by working duration of a BA set?

Back 47

It is the time from first breath with the face mask, to the first sounding of low pressure warning signal.

Front 48

Which search procedure is defined as following a specified wall throughout a specified structure or property, going through every door and opening you find?

Back 48

Directional search

Front 49

Smoke provides useful information when carrying out door procedure. List the other examples of useful information...

Back 49

-Hinges indicate the way the door opens.

-Distinguishing features can be used as a landmark. I.e kickplate.

-Handles can indicate the way a door opens, and may be hot.

-Vision Panels can be used to assess conditions.

-Hazard signs may indicate what is in the compartment.

-Blistered paint/PVC indicates hazardous conditions.

Front 50

What is the maximum number of FFs that can be attached by personal line?

Back 50

4

Front 51

There are three ways to maintain close personal contact with each other when in BA...

Back 51

-Attached by personal line.

-Physical contact between team members.

-Within physical touching distance.

Front 52

What are the risks of a metal staircase?

Back 52

They conduct heat and electricity.

Front 53

What are the risks of a stone staircase?

Back 53

They should be avoided in a fire because they can collapse without warning, even after the fire has been extinguished.

Front 54

What are the risks of timber staircases?

Back 54

-Flammable.

-Burn through completely.

-Fire under staircases can weaken the structure.

Front 55

List some features of landmarking...

Back 55

-Which wall they're following, left/right.

-Position of fixed features, such as doors, windows, stairs and columns.

-How many, and types of doors passing through.

-Be aware of construction/texture of building, and smooth/textured walls/floors.

-Other features such as radiators, sofas, tables etc.

Hint 55

5 features

Front 56

List the various methods a FF can use to limit heat build up and make sure the effects of heat stress are minimised...

Back 56

-Reduce exposure by rotating crews and team at the earliest opportunity.

-Use a holding/recovery area in the shade for rest periods.

-Make sure drinking water is available.

-Relax dress for reserve crews until called for briefing.

-Encourage radial cooling.

-Where possible, don't use FFs intended for BA for other functions requiring physical effort i.e firefighting/moving equipment.

-Following a DRA, potential dress down of PPE to allow cooling.

-Attendance of LAS to oversee welfare of crews and teams where possible.

Hint 56

8

Front 57

Spell London Fire Brigade phonetically...

Back 57

L- Lima

O- Oscar

N- November

D- Delta

O- Oscar

N- November

F- Foxtrox

I- India

R- Romeo

E- Echo

B- Bravo

R- Romeo

I- India

G- Golf

A- Alpha

D- Delta

E- Echo

Front 58

Phonetic Alphabet...

Back 58

A - Alpha

B - Bravo

C - Charlie

D - Delta

E - Echo

F - Foxtrot

G - Golf

H - Hotel

I - India

J - Juliet

K - Kilo

L - Lima

M - Mike

N - November

O - Oscar

P - Papa

Q - Quebec

R - Romeo

S - Sierra

T - Tango

U - Uniform

V - Victor

W - Whiskey

X - Xray

Y - Yankee

Z - Zulu

Front 59

What is the Facemask 7000 made of?

Back 59

Hypoallergenic Neoprene Rubber

Front 60

What are the 5 principles of safe movement?

Back 60

-Check for obstacles and obstructions before moving.

-Make sure floor in front will take your weight.

-Check above head before standing.

-Maintain physical, visual or audible contact with the whole team.

-BA undertakes a DRA which will determine the safest/quickest way to achieve the objectives.

Front 61

What are the duties of an ECO at the station?

Back 61

The examination and testing of:

-ECB and it's telemetry functionality fully tested.

-ECO Surcoat

-Chinagraph pencils, black and white.

-Evac whistle

-Main guideline tallies A+B

-ECB Tripod and bracket

-BA Aide Memoirs 1-13

-TIC

-IEC Pack (resuscitater)

Front 62

The following applies for a BS Stage 1 ECP

Back 62

-To be used at incidents requiring limited number of wearers.

-Incident and structures involved are small and not complex

-Limited to 1 ECB, maximum of 6 wearers.

-Limited to one entry to risk area unless two are available within line of sight.

-IC should nominate a BA emergency team as soon as available.

-IC should nominate a BA Comms Op as soon as available.

Front 63

The following 4 pieces of information are communicated from wearer to ECB every 20 seconds...

Back 63

-TOW default setting

-Time to warning (TTW

-Cylinder pressure (in bars)

-Time elapsed from loss of signal

Front 64

What are the contents of the ECB pouch?

Back 64

-A+B guideline tallies

-BA Entry Surcoat

-Black & White Chinagraph pencils

-Evac whistle

-13 aide memoirs

Hint 64

5

Front 65

The responsibility of the ECO is control and management of the ECP, not supervising the tasks allocated to BA teams, which is the responsibility of the IC or SC.

True or False?

Back 65

True

Front 66

Once the IC or SC has decided where to site the ECP, what six actions should the ECO complete before they are ready to accept BA wearers?

Back 66

STRIPE

-Don ECO Surcoat

-Set up ECB on Tripod

-Switch incident ground Radio to BA channel

-Provide IEC pack

-Complete ECB info Panel & ensure correct time is displayed

-Prompt IC to provide BA Emergency team when resources allow

Front 67

What are the duties of an ECO at an incident?

Back 67

-Set up ECP

-Confirm understanding of brief and debrief

-1st wear of BA team

-Communication to IC/SC, BA teams and other ECP

-Monitor the ECB

-New Entry (2nd wear)

-Inform IC/SC when a DTW occurs

-Re Entry of 1st wear team

Front 68

What is the radio station used by the ECO on the hand held radio?

Back 68

6

Front 69

If an ECB fails, how quickly must a second be set up?

Back 69

Within 5 minutes, otherwise IC must consider withdrawal

Front 70

An ECP should be sited in a safe place, in safe air, what other considerations are there?

Back 70

-As near to the scene of operations as possible

-A location that won't need to be changed if deterioration should occur

Front 71

If a BA team needs to re-enter, what 3 requirements need to be met?

Back 71

-Remained under ECP control and supervision, and are fit for re-entry

-A minimum cylinder content of 190 bar

-The task will be short (15 minutes max)

Front 72

What is the minimum rank of ECPS?

Back 72

Leading FF

Front 73

What is the minimum rank for BA Sector Commander(SC)?

Back 73

Station Commander

Front 74

Stage II entry control procedures are used if any of the following apply...

Back 74

-More than one ECP is required.

-More than 6 wearers required at a time.

-More complex structure/incident.

-Protracted BA operations.

-Guidelines required.

-Risk require a higher level of emergency procedures.

-EDBA is required.

-Telemetry repeater/Leaky Feeder is required.

-Basement fire.

-BA Emergency teams committed.

-When chemical protective clothing wearers are not in line of sight.

-When committing BA teams to Hi-Ex foam.

-Other agencies committed in BA.

Front 75

What are the duties of a BA Comms Operative?

Back 75

-Don the BA Comms Op Surcoat.

-Switch incident ground Radio to channel used by BA teams.

-Stay next to an liaise with ECO and ECPS.

-Verify call signs and test Comms with BA teams.

-Monitor BA teams progress in risk areas.

-Inform/Update person responsible for ECP of any relevant info received relationg to progress or hazards encountered.

-Pass messages relating to status changes of BA teams to ECO.

-Consider use of BA Comms Board at four pump incidents.

Front 76

On return to station, the ECO must ensure that...

Back 76

-The appropriate testing is carried out on ECB and ancillary equipment.

-Any defective equipment is off the run and reported to watch officer.

Front 77

What is the line of sight range of the ECB with restrictions or obstructions?

Back 77

3km

Front 78

When is the ECB tested by the nominated ECO?

Back 78

-On acceptance

-Daily change of watch

-Monthly

-After use

Front 79

When is an A Test carried out?

Back 79

ACORN

'A'Test is carried out when:

-Following a Cylinder change.

-Taking Over a BA set.

-Following Respirator use only.

-When Nomimated to test any 'spare' BA.

Front 80

All incident radios are tested on the following occasions...

Back 80

-On receipt

-When allocated to wearer

-Before use

-After use

-When recalled by radio workshops

Front 81

What is the name of the radio used for BA operations?

Back 81

Engel HT981 incident ground radio

Front 82

What does BARIE stand for

Back 82

Breathing Apparatus Radio Interface Equipment