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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Oligohydramnios? |
A decreased AFV for gestational age |
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Is oligo or poly- hydramnios more common? |
Oligo is more common |
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What might cause oligohydramnios? |
Fetal urinary tract anomalies, or placental insufficiency |
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What is the main contributor to AFV? |
The kidneys after 16 weeks and the amnion before 16 weeks. |
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What happens at 16 weeks to the fetal skin? |
Carotenization of the skin which slows and stops diffusion of the AF through the skin. |
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How do placental vascular insufficiencies affect AFV? |
Placental vascular insufficiencies cause decreased oxygen to the fetus, O2 comes from the placenta- preferentially the brain will get blood first when it does that there is decreased O2 going to the lower body including the kidneys and therefore decreased kidney function. |
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How does Oligo affect fetal growth? |
It is associated with IUGR,a post-term patient (after 40 weeks), Pulmonary hypoplasia (not enough fluid todevelop the lungs which absorb AF to develop), PROM (premature rupture ofmembranes), and fetal anomalies. |
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How do you measure AFV? |
There are 2 methods of measuring these pockets. You can measure the single deepest pocket. You can also measure the 4 quadrant pockets and add the value together; this is called the amniotic fluid index. |
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What is considered normal for the AFV measurements? |
Single Deepest Pocket - less than 2cm is abnormal AFI - less than 5cm is abnormal |
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What is polyhydramnios? |
whenthere is too much fluid in the gestational sac for the child's gestational age |
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What are some observable methods of diagnosing Polyhydramnios? |
You can check if there is only one side of the fetal abdomen touching the wall, which is abnormal, versus two or more sides which is normal. Also, if there is enough fluid in the sac to fit more than one fetus in the sac then it is likely polyhydramnios. |
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What can severe polyhydramnios be related to? |
fetal anomalies across multiple systems. |
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What are the causes of polyhydramnios? |
Maternal - Uncontrolled Diabetes, and erythroblastosis Fetalis Placental Fetal - reduced fetal swallowing, decreased fluid consumption in the GI tracts OR CAN BE IDIOPATHIC |
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What are the clinical signs and symptoms of polyhydramnios? |
Weight gain, LFD, distant heart tones, supine hypotension, abdominal discomfort, edema, dyspnea, and oliguria (from pressure from gest sac) |
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What problems can polyhydramnios cause? |
Preterm birth and PROM (from pressure of fluid) |
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What problems can polyhydramnios cause imaging-wise? |
Excessive movement of the fetus, increased depth, and masked placental thickness. |
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How might polyhydramnios be treated? |
Thiscan be treated with aspiration and medication before 32 weeks (not after due tocomplications). |
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Why is treating polyhydramnios futile? |
Because it is often caused by something pre-existing and will reaccumulate soon. |
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What placental thickness is considered normal for poly? |
Because polyhydramnios causes placental thinning when measuring 2-8 cm is considered normal, but >8cm is abnormal. |
