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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Agribusiness |
Commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations |
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Chaff |
Husks of grain separated from the seed by threshing |
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Combine |
A machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans grain while moving over a field |
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Crop rotation |
The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year to avoid exhausting the soil |
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Cultivation regions |
an area suited by climate and soil conditions to the cultivation of a certain type of crop or plant group. |
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Dairying |
the business of producing, storing, and distributing milk and its products |
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Double cropping |
Harvesting twice a year from the same field |
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Extensive subsistence agriculture |
refers to an agricultural technique where a vast expanse of land is cultivated to yield minimal output of crops and animals for the primary consumption of the grower's family.
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Shifting cultivation |
a form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period. |
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Slash-and-burn |
another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris. |
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Swidden |
A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning |
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Nomadic herding/pastorialism |
A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals |
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Extractive industry |
Any processes that involve the extraction of raw materials from the earth to be used by consumers. |
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Forestry |
the science or practice of planting, managing, and caring for forests. |
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Horticulture |
The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers |
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Hull |
The outer covering of a seed |
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Intensive subsistence agriculture |
A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land. |
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Intertillage |
In agriculture, tillage or cultivation between plants (as corn and potatoes), in contrast to tillage of the entire surface when no growing crop is on it. |
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Livestock ranching |
Ranching is the practice of raising herds of animals on large tracts of land. |
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Market gardening |
A market garden is the relatively small-scale production of fruits, vegetables and flowers as cash crops, frequently sold directly to consumers and restaurants. |
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Mediterranean agriculture |
Farmers derive a smaller percentage of income from animal products than in the mixed crop and livestock region. |
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Milkshed |
The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied |
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Mineral fuels |
A fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes |
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Mining |
the process or industry of obtaining coal or other minerals from a mine |
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Paddy |
The Malay word for wet rice, commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah |
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Pastoral nomadism |
A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals |
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Pasture |
Grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing |
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Plantation agriculture |
A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale |
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Reaper |
A machine that cuts cereal grain standing in a field |
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Renewalble/nonrenewable |
Renewable (of a natural resource or source of energy) not depleted when used. A nonrenewable resource is a resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption. |
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Staple grains |
A staple food, food staple, or simply a staple, is a food that is eaten routinely and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet for a given people, supplying a large fraction of energy needs and generally forming a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well. |
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Transhumecence |
The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures |
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Truck farm |
Commerical gardening and fruit farming, so named because truck was a middle English word meaning bartering or exchange of commodities |
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Sawah |
A flooded field for growing rice |
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Spring wheat |
Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer |
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Thresh |
To beat out grain from stalks |
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Wet rice |
Rice planted on dry land in the nursery and then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth |
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Winnow |
To remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind |
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Winter wheat |
Wheat planted in the autumn and harvested in the early summer |