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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arrhythmia with peaked T waves and wide-QRS indicates ____ (low/high) K+.
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high K+
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What are the only two organs in the body that puts glucose into circulation via gluconeogenesis?
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- Liver
- Kidney |
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If dialysis is discontinued, how long is the mean survival?
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6 days
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List 3 examples of how kidney regulates endocrine functions
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1. Synthesizes EPO
2. Synthesizes VitD 3. Synthesizes glucose and degrades insulin |
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GFR is the amount of plasma/min filtered through the glomerulus that is cleared of what substance?
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Inulin is ideal (but is radioactive, and only good for research), creatinine is good enough
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The filtration rate of creatinine is the product of its plasma concentration X GFR. Likewise, the filtration rate for Na is the product of its plasma concentration X GFR. What is different about the final clearance of creatinine vs Na.
A. They are the same B. The clearance of Na > creatinine, because Na is secreted by the tubule. C. The clearance of Na < creatinine, because Na is reabsorbed by the tubule. D. Neither is a good measure of GFR |
C. The clearance of Na < creatinine, because Na is reabsorbed by the tubule.
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You suspect a patient has a kidney disease. You want to measure the creatinine clearance. Is it important that the creatinine production rate is constant.
A. Yes B. No |
A. Yes
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Does Arnold Schwarzenegger make more creatinine than Jon Barasch and Ali Gharavi?
A. Yes B. No |
A. Yes
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What samples from a patient are required to measure creatinine clearance?
A. A tube of urine and blood B. A timed collection of urine C. A timed collection of urine and a tube of blood D. A tube of blood |
C. A timed collection of urine and a tube of blood
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Explain what happened to this patient between day 0 and 10.
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Patient had a kidney removed. Pcr parallels with halved GFR. Ucr remains the same because the one kidney that's left is now filtering blood that has twice the Pcr.
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Which is true?
A Ucr is a good measure of the GFR B. Pcr is a good measure of the GFR |
B. Pcr is a good measure of the GFR
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Which is true?
A. Pcr is informative as to whether we have reached steady state B. Ucr is informative as to whether we have reached steady state |
Both A and B are true
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Edema is due to excess accumulation of ____ (hypotonic/isotonic/hypertonic) fluid.
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isotonic
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How can kidney failure lead to myoclonus?
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↓VitD → hypocalcemia → myoclonus
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How does kidney failure lead to serositis (inflammation of serous tissues in the body such as pericarditis or pleuritis)?
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Uremia (buildup of urea and ammonia) → serositis
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What are all the things that get reabsorbed in the tubules?
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- Na
- K - H2O - HCO3 - Glucose - AAs - PO4 - Ca |
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What are all the things that get secreted in the tubules?
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- K
- NH4 - Organic ions |
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GFR = ?
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GFR = UV/P
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What happens to permeability in Glomerulonephritis?
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Inflammation destroys selectivity barrier, large proteins get through.
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Size of the filter in glomerulus is controlled by contraction of what cells?
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Mesangial cells
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