American Psychology and Functionalism
William James (1842-1910)
William James developed a theory known as pragmatism, which is a belief that the validity of an idea is proven if that idea works and shows usefulness (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). He published The Principles of Psychology which reflected much of James’s perceptions of Wilhelm Wundt’s work and laid the foundation for the school of functionalism. James didn’t believe in instinctive behavior and thought that these behaviors were more of a learned pattern that develops during the lifetime (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014).
Hugo Munsterberg (1863-1916)
Hugo Munstenberg can be seen as the creator of forensic psychology, industrial psychology and applied psychology (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). …show more content…
His motive was trying to figure out various treatments for mental disorders.
Franz Anton Mesmor (1734-1815) Mesmor developed a theory known as animal magnetism which describes a force that is distributed evenly throughout the bodies that are healthy and unevenly throughout the bodies that are ill (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). This theory contributed towards objective psychological explanations of mental health.
Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) Jean-Martin Charcot Had a belief that hysteria was a real disorder and resulted from traumatic experience or from hypnosis causing a idea or multiple ideas to disassociate from the consciousness (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). He also beleived that paralysis can be a system of hysteria. His ideas greatly influenced the production of psychoanalysis.
Psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Sigmund Freud was famous for his psychoanalytic theory. This theory can be seen as the first ever personality theory that consists of the id, the ego and the superego and showed when they occur in the mind consciously, pre-consciously or unconsciously (Desai, …show more content…
This theory was influenced by behaviorism because Bandura felt that observation and the environment had a relationship with each other and called it reciprocal determination (Grusec, 1992). He extended this theory and combining in a person’s personality with the relationship of the behavior and the environment. Bandura’s social learning theory proposes that learning can be done observationally by observing and then repeating the same behaviors we see from others (The Curious Classroom, 2013). His research in aggression and modeling led him to conduct an experiment using children divided into three experiment groups while watching a film of an adult punching a doll. Each group watched different outcomes of the experiment. The children who saw aggressive behavior towards the doll ended up mimicking that same type of aggression towards the doll and also acted out new acts of aggression towards the doll. The children who didn’t see these acts of aggression towards the doll didn’t act out that way. This theory has had an impact on developmental psychology by explaining how children develop behaviors through the techniques called modeling, where children mimic their parent’s
William James (1842-1910)
William James developed a theory known as pragmatism, which is a belief that the validity of an idea is proven if that idea works and shows usefulness (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). He published The Principles of Psychology which reflected much of James’s perceptions of Wilhelm Wundt’s work and laid the foundation for the school of functionalism. James didn’t believe in instinctive behavior and thought that these behaviors were more of a learned pattern that develops during the lifetime (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014).
Hugo Munsterberg (1863-1916)
Hugo Munstenberg can be seen as the creator of forensic psychology, industrial psychology and applied psychology (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). …show more content…
His motive was trying to figure out various treatments for mental disorders.
Franz Anton Mesmor (1734-1815) Mesmor developed a theory known as animal magnetism which describes a force that is distributed evenly throughout the bodies that are healthy and unevenly throughout the bodies that are ill (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). This theory contributed towards objective psychological explanations of mental health.
Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) Jean-Martin Charcot Had a belief that hysteria was a real disorder and resulted from traumatic experience or from hypnosis causing a idea or multiple ideas to disassociate from the consciousness (Hergenhahn & Henley, 2014). He also beleived that paralysis can be a system of hysteria. His ideas greatly influenced the production of psychoanalysis.
Psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Sigmund Freud was famous for his psychoanalytic theory. This theory can be seen as the first ever personality theory that consists of the id, the ego and the superego and showed when they occur in the mind consciously, pre-consciously or unconsciously (Desai, …show more content…
This theory was influenced by behaviorism because Bandura felt that observation and the environment had a relationship with each other and called it reciprocal determination (Grusec, 1992). He extended this theory and combining in a person’s personality with the relationship of the behavior and the environment. Bandura’s social learning theory proposes that learning can be done observationally by observing and then repeating the same behaviors we see from others (The Curious Classroom, 2013). His research in aggression and modeling led him to conduct an experiment using children divided into three experiment groups while watching a film of an adult punching a doll. Each group watched different outcomes of the experiment. The children who saw aggressive behavior towards the doll ended up mimicking that same type of aggression towards the doll and also acted out new acts of aggression towards the doll. The children who didn’t see these acts of aggression towards the doll didn’t act out that way. This theory has had an impact on developmental psychology by explaining how children develop behaviors through the techniques called modeling, where children mimic their parent’s