to make any choice if they are willing to take responsibility for it. Butler disagrees with Sartre by arguing that no person can choose to become any sex by his or her free will. People’s sex identities have been decided through discursive practice long before they can make a choice for themselves. Nowadays, parents can find out their children’s sexes long before their children will have born. After that, the parents will make preparations according to their children’s biological sexes. They will decorate the nursery in a certain style, or buy clothes for a certain gender. Every child is born with an assigned gender and sex. If they don’t have a oblivious sex, the parents and doctors will decide one for them. The child cannot make any decision
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According to Butler (60), Compulsory heterosexuality has created two “mutually exclusive” positions. One position supposes to have the phallus, which is men. The other position supposes to be the phallus, which is women. The problem is men can never have the phallus, so they need women to reflect their power. On the other hand, women want to be the phallus for men, so they can wield the power that been needed. This is the key for a masculinist society. Without the binary and oppositional system of gender and sex, all of this would be impossible. On the other hand, it is clear men are not responsible for creating this masculinist society. The origin of this society is untraceable. In some way, men are victims of this society as much as women. When people are supposed to have something, yet they do not have it, this certainly bring pressure and anxiety. Today, in China, many young men face this problem. Chinese society has a different standard for muscularity. Men do not need to be physically strong, but young men need to buy at least one apartment if they want to get married. The problem is only a few young men can afford to buy an apartment. So, most Chinese young men live in pressure and anxiety every day. And, this is not a society that any man wants to create. Sartre would argue that this is bad faith, people can simply choose not to follow this custom. However, when people’s identities and social norms are conditioned by thousands of years of culture practice. It is impossible to make a different choice. Moreover, Sartre presume that there is a human agency behind the cause of historical changes. People can make choice freely and take responsibility for him and entire humanity. Butler would argue that there is no human agency behind the cause of historical changes, no person or group will gain benefits directly from
According to Butler (60), Compulsory heterosexuality has created two “mutually exclusive” positions. One position supposes to have the phallus, which is men. The other position supposes to be the phallus, which is women. The problem is men can never have the phallus, so they need women to reflect their power. On the other hand, women want to be the phallus for men, so they can wield the power that been needed. This is the key for a masculinist society. Without the binary and oppositional system of gender and sex, all of this would be impossible. On the other hand, it is clear men are not responsible for creating this masculinist society. The origin of this society is untraceable. In some way, men are victims of this society as much as women. When people are supposed to have something, yet they do not have it, this certainly bring pressure and anxiety. Today, in China, many young men face this problem. Chinese society has a different standard for muscularity. Men do not need to be physically strong, but young men need to buy at least one apartment if they want to get married. The problem is only a few young men can afford to buy an apartment. So, most Chinese young men live in pressure and anxiety every day. And, this is not a society that any man wants to create. Sartre would argue that this is bad faith, people can simply choose not to follow this custom. However, when people’s identities and social norms are conditioned by thousands of years of culture practice. It is impossible to make a different choice. Moreover, Sartre presume that there is a human agency behind the cause of historical changes. People can make choice freely and take responsibility for him and entire humanity. Butler would argue that there is no human agency behind the cause of historical changes, no person or group will gain benefits directly from