John Stuart Mill Vs Tocqueville

Improved Essays
John Stuart Mill and Alexis de Tocqueville, both were advocates for individual freedom, and liberty through democracy. Mill and Tocqueville both feared tyranny, and promoted democracy so that citizens could have individual liberties, and thoughts. Mill’s ideal citizen in a democracy would be participatory, and opinionated in their beliefs. His citizen would not curtail any other citizen’s belief, no matter how far off of their beliefs it is. Tocqueville’s ideal citizen would be one who participates at a local level of politics. In On Liberty, John Stuart Mill stated, “Society can and does execute its own mandates, practicing a social tyranny more formidable than many kinds of political oppression” (Mill76). Meaning in democracy, there does …show more content…
They would strive for happiness for themselves, and for the democracy as a whole. Tocqueville thought for a successful democracy, citizens must keep the greater good in line with their own interest. They would keep in mind of their actions, if they would be beneficial to themselves as an individual, and to society as a whole. Mill and Tocqueville both agreed with the notion of individualism, and allowing individuals to think, and to form opinions, and to carry out their opinions without hindrance from anyone. They both advocated for individual freedom and expression. Mill backed self-progression over group-progression, not to harm fellow citizens, but to uphold the idea of individual freedom. Mill thought as long as it was not at the cost of a fellow citizen, then the individual’s interests may surpass the interests of the whole, in search of individual liberty. Mill wanted citizens to support society as a whole similar to Tocqueville, however Mill thought individualism was more important than the greater good. Tocqueville thought the greater good should be upheld alongside, or before individualism. Mill’s ideal citizen is more likely than Tocqueville’s ideal citizen. Mainly because humans are inherently selfish. In a democracy, citizens do care for their fellow man, however it is not likely to find an individual to put aside their individual goals, to help achieve society’s goals. They may help society as a whole, next to achieving their individual goals, yet their individual goals would be higher on their priorities. Tocqueville’s citizen is not as likely as Mill’s because Tocqueville’s citizen is somewhat selfless, putting others before

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Those who follow Rousseau’s ideologies of the common good would also criticize the conservative mindset of the modern Canadian government, hoping for more benefit towards the people themselves and what is in their…

    • 246 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Both President Adams, and Alexis de Tocqueville discuss in their writings their opinions that human beings, by nature, will focus more on their own will, and desires than that of people separate and different from them. In the first passage, President Adams states, “…the desires of the majority of the people are often for injustice and inhumanity against the minority…” Describing his belief that people will inherently devote more of their energy and power onto their own personal desires, rather than the good of society as a whole. This belief is expanded in Alexis de Tocqueville’s writing, when he states, “If it be admitting that a man possessing absolute power may misuse that power by wronging his adversaries, why should not a majority be…

    • 283 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Mission, a film set in 1507, reflects on a Jesuit mission settlement, torn apart by Spanish and Portuguese government. With the papacy caught in the midst of this turmoil, conflicting ideas of injustice and moral sense drive the message of the film. In relation to the Enlightenment, an epoch of modernized philosophical ideas from the 1400s through the 1600s, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas of individuality, human nature and corruption are best represented through themes of government, religion, and war in the film. An acclaimed philosopher in France, Rousseau fixated heavily on human nature and what influenced human beings to change. From innocence to malfeasance, Rousseau believed people metamorphosed into corrupt beings because of society;…

    • 1285 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    When Tocqueville first arrived in the United States from an aristocratic society in France, he initially believed that the idea of engaging in an American democracy would include a face-to-face interaction, a way for people to convene and sort out the issues facing their country in comparison to what he himself knew and experienced when his fellow countrymen struggled and failed to form a democratic government, one that the Americans have after the bloody Revolutionary War for independence against Great Britain – the then-dominant world power at the time. Because of the fascination with how the Americans functioned in a democracy attracted Tocqueville to learn the possibilities of obtaining and maintaining both a stable and prosperous system…

    • 428 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the assertion, Democracy In America, written by Alexis De Tocqueville, a French diplomat, political scientist, and historian, Tocqueville addresses that we, Americans, do have a political science well-formulated to modern democracy and democratic society, and thus, lacking the necessary tools to effectively understand and manage this new form of government. Tocqueville also suggests democracy and equality are not entirely ‘good things’ as they may leave long-lasting negative impacts in society, to which it may not be necessarily prepared for. In his study, Tocqueville described the movement toward a democratic society and the idea of equality in America to be a universal phenomenon that could not be ceased; in this realization, Tocqueville…

    • 885 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In John Stuart Mill’s influential book “Utilitarianism”, Mill introduces the belief that moral action is based upon the concept of utility, or how he explains it, the greatest happiness principle. It is this greatest happiness principle that defines Utilitarianism as the notion that the best moral actions are those that promote the most amount of human happiness. Actions that would be regarded as the least favorable are those that promote the opposite, unhappiness. The concept of Utilitarianism and that of Consequentialism are similar as both judge the moral value of an action dependent on its consequences, however each claim leads to different conclusions.…

    • 1497 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Alexis de Tocqueville, a French sociologist and political theorist, wrote multiple books. His books were analysis ' of the improved living standards and social conditions of individuals, as well as their relationship to the market and state in Western societies. His book Democracy in America, was one of the most influential books in the nineteenth century. With its sagacity observations on equality and individualism, Tocqueville’s work remains a valuable explanation of America to Europeans and Americans to…

    • 1063 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Introduction: John Stuart Mill, although accepts the Radicals legacy in the utilitarian domain, he adds to and supplements their points of views, especially in the areas of human motivation and the true nature of happiness. When we read through Mill’s approach on happiness, we see how a lot of Radicals’ assumptions are modified, this can be seen in the second chapter of his essay: Utilitarianism. The Proportionality Doctrine is one of the most prominent concepts that emerge from his writing which suggests that actions are “right” when doing them leads to the highest amount of happiness as a lack of pain, and the reverse of this constitutes a “wrong” action. Here, happiness means pleasure which comes with the absence of pain, and unhappiness…

    • 1387 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    John Stuart Mill, a philosopher during the mid-1800’s, is known as one of the most important western political philosophers in the past three hundred years. Many of his arguments on freedom can be seen intertwined with the current way we run societies around the world today. Being a self proclaimed Utilitarian, Mill focuses his arguments on making the collective reside with the most utility possible, with utility being defined by happiness. To achieve maximum utility, Mill presents three larger arguments,the harm principle, experiments of living, and freedom of speech. Before one can begin to agree or criticize Mill's arguments they must first delve into the core of Mill’s teachings, the harm principle.…

    • 1836 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Mill saw the problem with modern society as resulting from the power of both the tyranny of the majority but also the tyranny of public opinion. He believed that public opinion had grown too strong to the point where “At present individuals are lost in the crowd. In politics it is almost a triviality to say that public opinion now rules the world.” (On Liberty, chapter III). The “lost in the crowd” metaphor is a powerful one that illustrates Mill’s view.…

    • 996 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Through Mill’s view on Utilitarianism there emerges a core moral theory called the greatest happiness principle. However, I believe that Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principle is false. I believe this because after examining his theory I noticed several flaws within his theory. Before I say what is wrong with Mill’s argument and theory I want to address the definition of the greatest happiness principle and what all it encompasses. Mill believes that “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, [and] wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness” (Mill,97).…

    • 1145 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    In other words, if an individual rejects or contradicts the ideas expressed by the community, the community should be able to force that individual to submit to their opinions. It is at this point in which Rousseau and Mill differ. This act of forcing conformity would be seen as a form of tyranny to Mill who values the freedom of the individual. In order for society to progress, individual freedoms must always be expressed foremost. Indeed, Mill agrees that man should not behave in ways that would harm others but they should still be free to do as they wish.…

    • 1838 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Great Essays

    Mill’s work goes into depth on how much liberty should be granted to the individual and to what extent the government should be able to intervene with these liberties for the betterment of society. I agree with Mill on what the basic tenets for his argument on freedom of speech are (i.e. truth, utility, social progress). I also accept that the justification of freedom of speech as that which can bring about such things as truth and social progress. He provides a clear explanation for society as to why it is important to allow others to state their opinions and not infringe upon the free speech of others. It seems clear that acting in accordance to this precept will lead to the overall betterment of society.…

    • 2454 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Americans can have people under them, but not over them. American men have passion for equality but this arouses men’s desire to be strong and honored. Along with equality, Tocqueville believed democratic nations had a natural taste for…

    • 1038 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Monique Wilder Professor David Hill SSP 101.7920 July 15, 2015 Midterm 1) Explain the main differences and similarities between the ideas of Hobbes and Locke’s. Similarities include: rights, state of nature, atheism, powers of a sovereign, and the idea that governments are beneficial. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes are two social contract theorist who share similarities in their Social Contract Theories, however they both have differences. The social contract theory is a voluntary agreement among individuals by which organized society is brought into being and invested with the right to secure mutual protection and welfare or to regulate the relations among its members.…

    • 908 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays