Sentencing Reform Institutionalization

Moreover, the U.S judicial system has created a worldwide incarceration rate lead with a formidable colossus in confinement. In fact, the policy reforms that increased the rate of incarceration is the anti-drug reform and the sentencing reform that has negatively impacted the economy by quadrupling its institutionalized population from eight hundred thousand in 1970 to four million inmates in 2008 according to Carla J Virlee author of "Offenders In The Community: Reshaping Sentencing And Supervision". Additionally, the U.S makes up 5% of the world’s population and yet institutionalizes 25% of the prisoners in the world according to John F Pfaff author of "Drug Policy Reality And Reform: The War On Drugs And Prison Growth: Limited Importance, …show more content…
Fienberg, and Paul C. Stern authors of "The Limits Of The Polygraph." Quotes “Scientific evidence does not support any of these beliefs: in fact, it goes contrary to all of them. It can also be dangerous if courts and juries are overconfident about polygraph accuracy.” In addition, policy makers introduced the Sentencing Reform Act in 1984 that created a stricter criminal justice system such as: statutory presumptive sentencing, sentencing guidelines, truth sentencing, three-strike sentencing, and determine sentencing, which has compromised the structure of the judicial system’s increase in incarceration. The six sentencing reforms established a finer structure in sentencing through specified guidelines for each offense. The policy sentencing reform’s face obstacles within the political system as it’s a major contributing factor to the increase in incarceration, for between 1980 and 2012 it’s resulted effect increased the incarceration rate by 222%. Also, these polices and among others have made incarceration rate increase to the result of having both deterrence and incapacitation effects on society particularly drug …show more content…
Additionally, the contributing factors that affect the increase of incarceration are stricter enactments that encourage the reduction use of parole, and preventive detention, while imposing the increase of mandatory sentencing and violations for habitual offenders. In addition, private prisons do not have a financial interest in societal focuses such as preventing crime, educating inmates so they avoid recidivism, and institutionalizing serious offenders that pose a threat to society, for the private institution will lose a primary source of their profits. Additionally, Private institution’s interests are to encourage enhancement of longer sentencing, and incarceration prosecution, while the reduction of supervision services. In fact, in 2006 the largest private institution in the U.S profited 21.3 million and in 2005 the same company profited 70.9 million, which was a 22.9 percent profit increase from the previous