In his article, “Theories of Learning”, the author Thomas Shuell states that “understanding any theory requires a clear idea of what the theory is trying to explain” because you need to understand the meaning of certain words or concepts that are essential to the entire theory (2016). Many things people learn throughout their lives does not always happen inside four walls of a classroom but outside or in laboratories like those which different psychologists did. There are three modern psychologists that the article mentioned, which were Ivan Pavlov, Edward L. Thorndike and Hermann Ebbinghaus. For instance, learning can be acquired by observing, that’s what Pavlov brought across with the experiment of the dog, who salivate, and this experiment can be applied in humans as well as in animals. The main point the author tried to bring across was that there are many concepts and definitions that one must look across in order to learn about a theory and that there are different theories that psychologists enforced for others to understand the learning perspective by providing examples to emphasize how individuals …show more content…
introduced the learning perspective by gathering teachers at different sites and they also gathered information on the teachers’ “perspectives, experiences and understanding about teaching through observations, interviews, journals and dialogues” which they used to assist the teachers to understand what really is the case of the issues they face at school. They learnt that they sometimes are the ones that control what happens in the class and the ways how the students learn from them. Eventually the teachers learnt that they should emphasize more on what they teach in class. It mentioned that by Marbles et al. that “the national systemic school reform effort has assumed that sending clear and consistent signals to teachers, students, and parents about what is important to teach and learn is an essential element of school improvement” and those provide clear information about what should be taught to students in order for them to focus and learn well (2000). All the information that was provided in the articles provides a clear understanding of the teachers’ perspectives and the different ways how they clear issues inside their classrooms and how they plan to carry out information to the