“The Origins of Commitment” by Deborah Larson is an article looking into the Berlin Blockade, The U.S Airlift, and the reason why the U.S, specifically Harry Truman decided to stay in West Berlin. The main argument or ideas of Larson’s article, are that many people believed that after the Soviet Blockade the U.S would no longer stay in West Berlin, due to West Berlin’s recently established government. Also, Larson claims that the U.S was hesitant to stay in West Berlin as a result of the Soviets large army that surrounded the borders, and the remoteness of Berlin. Nevertheless, Larson argues that the U.S decided to stay once the Soviets decided to cut off all ground water and water accesses to West Berlin. In order for the U.S to aid West Berlin, they used airlifts to deliver all the resources needed for their survival; this was called the Berlin Airlift, and was greatly criticized prior to the lift.…
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is fascinating; there are levels of happiness in a pyramid. To reach the highest level, you must obtain the first. Self-Determination Theory and Self-Actualization are very similar, yet are described in different ways. Self- determination theory uses motivation in triangular structure rather than the needs of basic human life in a pyramidal structure. The two theories are striving for the same thing: self-fulfillment.…
In the article, “The Mystery of Motivation,” the author Gary Drevitch, speaks of poorly thought out incentives to motivate good people in forms of cash and social rewards to do their best, but the ending result may actually cause them to be at their worst. Throughout the article, Drevitch gives examples of incentives that have backfired on: companies, schools, banks, fundraisers, hospitals, and even cash incentives or allowances at home. Although, the author gives several example of poorly thought out incentives, he does mention an incentive program that was economically successful. The first example of as bad incentive program that Drevitch speaks of is the Wells Fargo bank and credit card scam that happened in 2011.…
RATIONALIZING OUR BEHAVIOUR 1 The first reason is “Everybody does it” - This has been used to excuse ethical misconduct. It is assumed that the ethical nature of an act is somehow improved by the number of people who do it, and if “everybody does it,” then it is as well: cheat on tests, commit adultery, lie under oath, Of course, people who use this reason usually don’t believe that what they are doing is right because “everybody does it.” Since most people will admit that principles of right and wrong are not determined by numbers, those who try to use this reason are really admitting misconduct.…
Self-Actualization and Self-Determination are part of the concept of human potential. The article that this summary is about is of an article based upon self-actualization and self –determination. The main concept of this article is looking at a person’s own potential and how it is something more than previous psychologists have postulated. This article goes into depth about what SDT (Self-Determination Theory) is and how the writers go about trying to explain SDT.…
• PRINCE2 (or similar related) qualification I possess a PRINCE 2 qualification in project management and have studied the working styles of the project managers I have worked under. As part of the Human Centred management project I managed all activities and observed project managers from highly influential brands. As part of the Human Centred Management project I also studied the psychology of effective communication and decision making. This project used facets of Transactional Analysis, Behavioural Economics and Behavioural Management Theory in order to improve people’s understanding of their actions and their impacts. I hope to draw from this experience by making effective decisions and communicating my intent clearly.…
1. Social Cognition is the study of how individuals perceive something or someone based on constructs in the mind in the social reality. As individuals develop, they create self-fulfilling prophecies. They are the most important schemas a person has about the self and others. The self-schemas consist of interconnected knowledge structures of many different sorts based on a wide range of experiences in the course of development.…
Getting a flailing project back on track requires sustained effort, focus, commitment and objectivity, making sure there is a positive focus on people (Ponce,…
After extensive review of the Property Policy System, I recommended to my Senior Vice President he abandon the project citing poor technical infrastructure, meandering development, and an incessantly changing set of business requirements. Whenever I have given my superiors a recommendation in the past and they chose to otherwise ignore my heed, there was eventual vindication. Regrettably, he allowed those previous expenditures and years of haphazardness to heavily influence future decisions on this project through a process known as the sunk cost fallacy or irrational escalation of commitment.…
In " A Hot/Cool-System Analysis of Delay of Gratification: Dynamics of Willpower", Mischel,et al further explains the "two systems" theory he mentioned in his article of "Delay of Gratification in Children". In "Delay of Gratification in Children", Mischel proposed the idea of two different stimuli such as hot and cool stimuli, he argues these two different type of stimuli affect the children's delay behavior significantly. They explains hot and cool systems connecting with children's will power control when facing different systems in " A Hot/Cool-System Analysis of Delay of Gratification: Dynamics of Willpower". Using the same research example(the food treat test) they conducted in "Delay of Gratification in Children", Mischel and his team…
According to Spiegler (2016), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been used for many forms of human suffering, including eating disorders. Research indicates that ACT may be a valuable treatment for eating pathology (Juarascio, Shaw, Forman, Timko, Herbert, Butryn, & Lowe, 2013). Factors targeted by ACT are highly significant among adults with eating disorders. Juarascio, Shaw, Forman, Timko, Herbert, Butryn, and Lowe (2013) discussed the development of a group-based treatment for eating disorders, described the construction of the manual and how it is tailored for an eating disorder population according to ACT treatment strategies, and examined the clinical strategies for effectively executing interventions. Juarascio, Shaw, Forman,…
Inherently, escalation of commitment entails making choices to invest in some areas that show signs of failure within organizations (Razzi, 2012). Pointedly, it may be argued that the allocation of resources such as time, money, and energy to such failing sectors may be as a result of some underlying perceptions that decision makers in such organizations may have a rationalization for their actions. For instance, the leaders may opt for such investments since they may be having the self-driven need to remain consistent in the way they run their business or because of the standpoint that the continued provision of such allocations would end up making the poorly performing sections have successful outcomes. Tellingly, the decision to invest in loss making ventures may result in such institutions experiencing reduced returns and possible collapse decrease in turnovers that are vital for the accumulation and distribution of resources to run the organizations.…
On the contrary, having this kind of an attitude can be translated as an indicator of poor project management being experienced from the top management. Additionally, it intelligently educates the employed labor that the project is not very important and it is okay for it to fail. The other challenge is that of the periodic nature of these particular rescues that implies that the efforts that tend to get highly rewarded are the most sporadic and timely in nature. Experiencing this type of a behavior tends to foster poor employees as they usually feel it right for them not to finish their projects on time. As such, changing the real perception of the role of the project management will have some positive effects on the whole organization.…
Project management literature is a broad expansion of knowledge that ranges from practical to theoretical exploration and analysis. On the surface, it has variable dimensions of knowledge and skill, but can be implicit on a profound level through the viewing lenses of other forums of management theories. One such theory that we will view project management through is institutional theory and its uses within this field. “… [I]nstitutional issues are important to the long-term performance of projects, that there is [a] benefit in recognizing them as a group, and that… [the institutional theory] …appl[ies] at this level in ways that are distinctive and useful.” (Morris & Geraldi, 2011, p. 24)…
I believe that my need for competence is motivating me to achieve this goal. According to the self-determination theory, competence is one of the innate psychological needs that are the basis for self-motivation and personality integration (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Thus, I am motivated to achieve this goal because I want to develop my skills at public speaking and be more competent at it. Not only that, achieving this goal will also help me achieve esteem needs. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, esteem needs involve the respect of self and the respect of others (Maslow, 1970).…