This paper will explore T H Marshall’s model of citizenships, examining criticisms levelled at Marshall’s foundation for determining the ideology behind his theory. Political discussions have debated the increasingly developing concept of citizenship, continually trying to establish link between its inhabitants and the state. This paper aims to investigate the influential methodology used in Marshall’s theoretical approach to citizenship, thus the consequences on wider society. In order to contextualise citizenship this composition intends to briefly outline the earliest edicts underpinning notions of citizenship. Additionally, drawing on Marshalls political beliefs, analysing his political ideology on education, unpacking how his
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Marshall came from a wealthy family; much of his interaction with the lower classes would have been significantly limited. However, he spent a period of time as a prisoner of war which according to Halsey (1984) ‘laid the foundations of his international positioning and knowledge of other social classes in Britain’, whereby Marshall draws on the view of citizenship. As a sociologist Marshall (1950) wrote a significantly influential paper ‘Citizenship and Social Class’ outlining his theory of citizenship, written during the rebuilding of post war Britain. Marshalls political affiliations focused on liberalism ideology, that individual should be self-dependent, limiting state intervention, however, this contradicted, Marshalls (1893-1981) original theory, was based on the premise that social provision was closely linked to citizenship on three levels of attainment, civil rights this involved the right to ‘equality of justice’ access to all legal aspect of justice, ‘political rights ‘as a participant in government or voter, and then ‘social rights’ which Marshall claimed was the fundamental phase of citizenship Fred Twine (1994). Conversely, on closer examination, Marshall’s attitude to citizenship encompasses a broad scope; he described citizenship as a ‘status bestowed on those who are full members of a community, all who possess the status are equal with respect to the rights and duties with which the status is endowed’ D.S. King and J Waldron (1988). However, before an analysis of T H Marshalls theory, a comparison of different theorist ideologies enables a comparative view documenting the evolution of
Marshall came from a wealthy family; much of his interaction with the lower classes would have been significantly limited. However, he spent a period of time as a prisoner of war which according to Halsey (1984) ‘laid the foundations of his international positioning and knowledge of other social classes in Britain’, whereby Marshall draws on the view of citizenship. As a sociologist Marshall (1950) wrote a significantly influential paper ‘Citizenship and Social Class’ outlining his theory of citizenship, written during the rebuilding of post war Britain. Marshalls political affiliations focused on liberalism ideology, that individual should be self-dependent, limiting state intervention, however, this contradicted, Marshalls (1893-1981) original theory, was based on the premise that social provision was closely linked to citizenship on three levels of attainment, civil rights this involved the right to ‘equality of justice’ access to all legal aspect of justice, ‘political rights ‘as a participant in government or voter, and then ‘social rights’ which Marshall claimed was the fundamental phase of citizenship Fred Twine (1994). Conversely, on closer examination, Marshall’s attitude to citizenship encompasses a broad scope; he described citizenship as a ‘status bestowed on those who are full members of a community, all who possess the status are equal with respect to the rights and duties with which the status is endowed’ D.S. King and J Waldron (1988). However, before an analysis of T H Marshalls theory, a comparison of different theorist ideologies enables a comparative view documenting the evolution of