Criminal Investigation Methods

Improved Essays
The period of c1886-c1926 saw great changes in investigative methods and thus lead to huge development in policing and how crime was dealt with. Such changes include the creation of the CID, and have shown to have more significance than others. For example, the introduction of forensic science enabled police to convict criminals in multiple cases, such as George Joseph Smith and Dr Crippen, rather than the use of telegram which only showed major significance in the Crippen case.
A great flaw in 19th century policing regards the very few investigative methods available to detectives at the time. The ripper killings of 1880 illustrate how policing and detective methods were simply insufficient despite the recent set up of the CID in 1878. Firstly,
…show more content…
By 1926 the police were able to use the work of forensic experts like Spilsbury to convict criminals. Spilsbury had a huge impact on detective techniques; he, along with many other pathologists, had a carried out investigations which soon proved Crippen guilty and led to his conviction. Spilsbury analysed bodily remains found in the cellar, discovering a scar identical to one Cora had, and this was afterwards used as evidence at Crippen’s trial. These experts also put science to use only to find traces of Hyoscine hydro bromide in body, which was then located to have been previously purchased by Crippen in large amounts. Today there is still a debate as to whether the body really did belong to Cora, despite Crippen being classed as guilty in his trial. This suggests that the forensics used were perhaps inaccurate, this may have been due to the fact that Spilsbury was so highly respected that many people refrained from further testing. Another flaw was the fact that this science was used to convict Crippen but not to catch him - it illustrates how policing still required small …show more content…
His work was continually important in the Chicken Run Murder and the Brides in the Bath Murders; He ensured the death of George joseph smith, proving his guilt using a logical theory of how the murder took place. Spilsbury publically stated his theory that Smith yanked the victims' feet up as they lay in the bath, causing their heads to sink under the water. He continued to prove that this sudden rush of water into their nose and mouth was enough to cause them to lose consciousness and quickly drown. Forensic science was further used to prove Norman Thorne’s guilt in the ‘chicken run murder’ and later on lead to his death. Spilsbury examined the remains of Elsie Cameron and had observed 8 bruises on the head, face arms and legs. All of them had been inflicted shortly before death and one on the temple caused by a crushing blow. Sir Spilsbury also pointed out the absence of signs of asphyxiation and scars around the neck, and this was used as evidence against Norman Thorne’s story of Elsie’s death. The fact that this case was solved almost 20 years later correlates with the very little doubting’s regarding the accuracy of the science used. This illustrates how forensic science did in fact lead policing to develop, as well as detective methods.
Forensic science was a huge breakthrough in dealing with crime; it was not until after its development that policing really improved. It was also

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Peel's Police Reforms

    • 385 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The criminal became convenient figure on whom to heap the concerns and anxieties of contemporary society. Hence, the need for the police reform in the nineteenth century was…

    • 385 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Summary – The 40-Year Search for Beverly’s Killer, By: Wendy Gillis, 2014 After 40 years of a cold case in Beverly Smith’s murder back in the 1970’s, many police officers try to piece to the puzzle together over time (Gillis, 2014). They have made 3 arrests, over 40 years, one man was let go early on in the detention and the other two arrests was a neighbor at the time, Alan Smith (Gillis, 2014). In 2007 Inspector Dave Kimmerly took Beverly’s case and they started from scratch (Gillis, 2014). He had his first lead on Alan Smith from an interview with his ex-wife – which was eventually retracted and his charges dropped (Gillis, 2014).…

    • 940 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Holmes/Scarpetta Project- The Valley of Fear What discipline was involved? Digital Forensics (cryptology)- The process of encrypting messages and examining digital media forensically to find, analyze, and present facts and opinions. What was the equipment used? The ciphers represent the pages of previous editions of Whitaker's Almanack.…

    • 714 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Finding justice can be hard at times when you can't really seem to find out who did it or why they have done it. Most likely the person will not confess to their crimes. In the passage "Forensic: Evidence, Clues, and Investigation" written by Andrea Campbell, it shows that forensic evidence is one of the most reliable evidences in the court of justice today. These evidences have been practiced for hundreds of years and it is still going strong as of today. The question is, what exactly is forensic science?…

    • 432 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Gary Dotson Case Study

    • 460 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Despite all of the good that using science in criminal investigation has done. Like all things there have been some hiccups. DNA testing has both enhanced and eroded the status of forensic science in criminal cases. Conventional forensic disciplines were unable to identify a perpetrator with any true discrimination. For instance, conventional serology (the study antigen or antibodies) field analysis of blood group substances was largely used in sexual assault cases during the 1980s (Mosby's Medical Dictionary 8th edition, 2009).…

    • 460 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Forensic Science: fact or pseudo? Three articles, “Forensic Science Controversies” by Rachel Kaufman published in CQ Press, “Forensic Science” from an FBI handbook on Opposing Viewpoints, and “But it Works on TV” by Sharon Begley from Opposing Viewpoints, discussed in this essay have comparing and contrasting rhetorical elements. Those rhetorical elements are the use of factual data from crime scenes (logos and pathos), contrasting writer credibility (ethos), and different appeals to certain audiences through formality of the articles. To begin, the first rhetorical element that all three articles use is factual data from crime scenes and actual information from case files, appealing to the audiences’ logos. By including these facts in the…

    • 1107 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The investigators interviewed Mary Jane Kelly’s former lover, several of her neighbors, and various other people claiming to have interacted with her in the hours that led up to the horrific event. Nonetheless, no viable leads were discovered from any of the interviews that could help to uncover who could have been in the room at the time of the ghastly murder. Conflicting witness statements and a bungled investigation of the crime scene created more questions than answers. What investigators, the surrounding community, as well as history, agreed upon was that Mary Jane Kelly’s murder was by far the most gruesome attributed to the sobriquet of Jack the Ripper.…

    • 718 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Only during the 1920’s did forensic equipment make a stride. During Jack the Ripper’s time police were only able to give an undescriptive autopsy on the victims. Even when they could see the victims were cut and stabbed, they can’t tell which type…

    • 726 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Standard procedures, such as collecting DNA, especially where there is clearly blood present are done for most if not all investigations no matter how grave the situation. So why on earth in such a tragic and mysterious death such as that of Phoebe Handsjuk, would they (the police) not go above and beyond regular protocol. This case was like no other. It was…

    • 722 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    DNA In Forensics

    • 913 Words
    • 4 Pages

    HOW HAS THE USAGE OF DNA IN FORENSICS AFFECTED THE COURT SYSTEM? DNA use in forensic science has made significant impact in criminal justice system over the past decade. DNA does not only play the role of a prosecution toll in the criminal justice system, but it is also used in forensic science as part of the post-conviction review that offers great help in the investigation process (Hauck, 2005). There has mixed feelings about the use of DNA in forensic in relation to the criminal justice system; some people feel that the use of DNA in forensics has helped find more evidence and prosecute criminals while other believe that in some cases DNA might be biased and indicate that the criminal was not involved in the crime because of lack of evidence…

    • 913 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Throughout many centuries, it has always been important to know how and why crimes have been committed. Criminal Investigators have participated in solving countless of cases in order to prevent future crimes. Many victims and those accused, which are known to be innocent, have been assisted to receive justice due to the help from the system. This job profession is just as important as any others in the federal justice system. Forensics investigation is a standard scientific application to criminal investigations, also an execution to law procedures ensuring evidence to present in court.…

    • 1540 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Forensic science is a widely explored topic, featured in television shows and books, however there are many unseen faults to this “science.” Can it be considered a science despite its faults? That is a question often asked by experts, and maybe that’s a question that should be asked in our everyday lives. People are often wrongfully convicted due to the lack of precision within forensic science, it changes people’s lives by allowing the guilty to go free and the innocent to rot away in jail for a crime they did not commit. In fact, Nova’s documentary regarding forensic science is a brilliant masterpiece that explores the adversity of human error inside of the popular subject.…

    • 472 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In A Study in Scarlet, by Sir Author Conan Doyle, he uses a witty and brilliant detective named Sherlock Holmes to show the audience how investigators solved crime back then during that time period and the different technology they used to solve them and how it is different today’s technology. In the show series Sherlock, the episode “A Study in Pink”, gives a little bit of a modern take on A Study in Scarlet and shows how technology advancements can make the better. Having these modern twists strengthens the story, A Study in Scarlet. In A Study in Scarlet, Sherlock Holmes, a “consulting” detective, is called on by the police to help the other detectives and try to figure out a very strenuous inconclusive murder trial.…

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The investigators gets evidence from the crime scene, and takes to a labortory and multiple tests on the it. Sometimes science aspects don’t always help solve the…

    • 1006 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The murder case of Jack the Ripper is significant to psychological profiling because it was based on the first application of profiling the offender Jack the Ripper in the year 1888 (Bonn). 1. He brutally slaughtered five prostitutes between the months of August and November at the Whitechapel in London (Ibid). 2. This case caused an outbreak to the public in London and Jack the Ripper became the…

    • 1236 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays