The following five articles (Bamber, 2016; David & Hayes, 2009; Hindman, Glass, Arnkoff, & Maron, 2015; Palmer, & Rodger, 2009; Riet, Rossiter, Kirby & Dluzewska & Harmon, 2015) outline the psychological benefits of mindfulness. These benefits have been extended to College and University students.
In 2011, David and Hayes looked at the benefits of mindfulness. They were able to look at how therapists and therapist trainees used mindfulness to not only help their clients but also to help themselves. In this study, mindfulness is defined as a “moment-by-moment awareness” (2011). David and Hayes have focused on the popularity of mindfulness techniques that has emerged over the past ten years. This study focused specifically on Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) programs especially in behavioural …show more content…
They taught participants Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) techniques. Some of these techniques included sitting mindfulness practices, body scans, mindful walking, bodily sensations and focusing on their emotions and thoughts. Riet et al., wanted to focus on the awareness of mindfulness and encouraged participants to practice these techniques even outside of the sessions.
Three main themes were found through this study. The first one is attending to self. Participants were taught how to care for themselves, learned to be more self aware and how to manage their behaviour. Behaviours include sleep management, how to focus their attention and how to be present. The next theme is attending to others. As participants are in a helping health-care profession, the study aimed to engage their empathetic qualities. Their mindfulness was not only aimed at how they can support themselves but how they can support others in their profession. The final theme is attending to the mindfulness