How do Peer and Parental Relationships Shape Social Development Between Adolescence and Late Adulthood?
The purpose of this essay is to evaluate how parental and peer relationships impact on social development throughout the lifespan from adolescence until late adulthood. Social development considers emotional and social skills; positive social development helps to establish healthy relationships whilst negative social development can have an adverse effect.
Adolescents’ who are allowed autonomy, encouraged to be involved in family life, given rules to abide by, and provided with affection, develop better social and emotional skills (Barber & Olsen, 1997). If young people are rewarded by parents for contributing to family life, they are also …show more content…
A study by Kosterman, Graham, Hawkins, Catalano and Herrenkohl (2001) suggested that many young offenders do discontinue this by early adulthood (age 21) and parental, educational and peer influences can impact whether adolescents’ violence persists. Anti-social peer influence was particularly prevalent for males who continued with violence into their early 20’s; protective factors included parenting style and pro-social peers (including …show more content…
Older people’s social convoys will be smaller, for example, due to bereavement, but also by choice; as someone ages they can afford to be more selective in their relationships to ensure they get the best emotional care (Carstensen, 1992; Carstensen, Isaacowitz, & Charles, 1999). Whilst widowhood will impact someone’s social convoy and bereavement is a negative aspect of social development, it may also mean closer relationships are formed with other relatives or peers (Connidis, 2010). Retirement may also change relationships (marriage and friendships) for the better or worse (Taylor Carter & Cook, 1995). Becoming a grandparent can also hone social and emotional skills, although this does not necessarily just occur in older age, many middle aged adults also become grandparents (Sigelman & Rider, 2015). Conversely if a grandparent’s child divorces this may adversely impact the amount of contact a grandparent has with their grandchild (Connidis, 2010). Drew and Smith (1999) looked at the impact of divorce on grandparents and their grandchildren. The research showed many grandparents suffered psychological and physical symptoms related to the loss of, or reduced, contact with grandchildren. As people age their health can deteriorate, meaning that some partners may take the role of caregiver; one partner becomes more reliant on the other which will emotionally impact the caregiver (Sigelman & Rider,
The purpose of this essay is to evaluate how parental and peer relationships impact on social development throughout the lifespan from adolescence until late adulthood. Social development considers emotional and social skills; positive social development helps to establish healthy relationships whilst negative social development can have an adverse effect.
Adolescents’ who are allowed autonomy, encouraged to be involved in family life, given rules to abide by, and provided with affection, develop better social and emotional skills (Barber & Olsen, 1997). If young people are rewarded by parents for contributing to family life, they are also …show more content…
A study by Kosterman, Graham, Hawkins, Catalano and Herrenkohl (2001) suggested that many young offenders do discontinue this by early adulthood (age 21) and parental, educational and peer influences can impact whether adolescents’ violence persists. Anti-social peer influence was particularly prevalent for males who continued with violence into their early 20’s; protective factors included parenting style and pro-social peers (including …show more content…
Older people’s social convoys will be smaller, for example, due to bereavement, but also by choice; as someone ages they can afford to be more selective in their relationships to ensure they get the best emotional care (Carstensen, 1992; Carstensen, Isaacowitz, & Charles, 1999). Whilst widowhood will impact someone’s social convoy and bereavement is a negative aspect of social development, it may also mean closer relationships are formed with other relatives or peers (Connidis, 2010). Retirement may also change relationships (marriage and friendships) for the better or worse (Taylor Carter & Cook, 1995). Becoming a grandparent can also hone social and emotional skills, although this does not necessarily just occur in older age, many middle aged adults also become grandparents (Sigelman & Rider, 2015). Conversely if a grandparent’s child divorces this may adversely impact the amount of contact a grandparent has with their grandchild (Connidis, 2010). Drew and Smith (1999) looked at the impact of divorce on grandparents and their grandchildren. The research showed many grandparents suffered psychological and physical symptoms related to the loss of, or reduced, contact with grandchildren. As people age their health can deteriorate, meaning that some partners may take the role of caregiver; one partner becomes more reliant on the other which will emotionally impact the caregiver (Sigelman & Rider,