Slavery authorized all whites to police blacks as a part of its ordinary system of control. "During the reconstruction-era with KKK violence, murders, bombings of the civil rights era, and modern-day hate crimes are all considered forms of lynching here". In 1870 and 1871, congress passed the enforcement acts based off the fourteenth amendment, including the 1871 KKK act, targeting violent racist individuals acting "under color of law". Waldrep emphasizes continuity. He also speaks on how the mob lynching of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries had roots from previous traditions and practices, going back to Reconstruction and beyond. However, Waldrep drew a line from earlier lynching to civil rights era violence to hate crimes. He informs us that lynching persisted across the national landscape throughout the twentieth century. Chicago Tribune begins annual report on lynching, listing them from previous years starting 1883. Lynching went beyond race measures that great difficult opponents of the violence would …show more content…
He becomes less concerned with political and social reasons or causes. The violence that took place was real and had consequences, but the way it’s perceived, the consequences and responses depended on how lynching was defined and interpreted. The definition of lynching was subject to political and social contestation, which had real effects, according to Judge Lynch and how Waldrep builds off his. In 1910, the NAACP launched its campaign against lynching. For instance, the NAACP definition was broadened over time for anti-lynching through federal. They wanted the meaning to include anything that had to do with labor violence, intimidation in a violent way, and any form of terror or racial