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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inhibits Na-K-ATPase which causes a decrease in intracellular potassium and increased intracellular calcium in cardiac myocytes which improves cardiac contractility |
Digoxin |
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naturally occurring drug used to treat various cardiac arrhythmias |
Quinidine |
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-Oral administration is common as GI absorption is rapid and complete with peak plasma concentration at about 1 hour post-dose -It has a half-life of ~4 hours and is eliminated by renal filtration and hepatic metabolism |
Procainamide |
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- a hepatic metabolite of the parent drug and demonstrates antiarrhythmic activity similar to procainamide |
N-acetylprocainamide |
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-Norpace -Administered as a quinidine substitute when the adverse effects of quinidine are unacceptable -it is the most commonly administered as an oral preparation as GI absorption is complete and rapid with plasma concentrations peaking about 1-2 hours post dose |
Disopyramide |
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Are a group of chemically-related antibiotics used to treat gram negative bacterial infections that are resistant to other less-toxic antibiotics |
Aminoglycosides |
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-bactericidal antibiotic effective against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive bacilli and gram-positive cocci (that can’t be treated with less toxic antibiotics) |
Teicoplanin |
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-It has been proven effective in the treatment of MRSA/methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus |
Teicoplanin |
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-a glycopeptide antibiotic effective against gram positive cocci and bacilli infections |
Vancomycin |
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Major toxicities include red man syndrome, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity |
Vancomycin |
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Slow-acting barbiturates (sedative-hypnotics) - For most patients,peak plasma concentrations are reached about 10 hours after an oral dose. The half-life is 70-100 hours |
Phenobarbital |
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-is the inactive proform of phenobarbital |
Primidone |
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-Dilantin -common therapeutic agent used in the treatment of seizure disorders. -also used as short-term prophylactic agent in brain injury to prevent loss of functional tissue |
Phenytoin |
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- is an injectable proform of phenytoin that is rapidly metabolized (~75 mins) to form the parent drug (phenytoin) |
Fosphenytoin |
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-Depakote -is used in the treatment of petit mal / absence seizures |
Valproic acid |
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-Tegretol -effective treatment for various seizure disorders - Because of its adverse effects, it is only used when patients don’t respond well to other AEDs |
carbamazepine |
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-Zarontin -is used for controlling petit mal seizures |
Ethosuximide |
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-Felbatol -indicated for use in severe epilepsies such as in children with mixed seizure disorder, LennoxGastaut syndrome, and in adults with refractory epilepsy |
Felbamate |
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-Neurontin -may be administered as monotherapy or in conjunction with other AEDs for patients suffering from complex partial seizures with or w/o generalized seizures. -It is the most frequently used AED in patients with liver disease and in treating partial -onset seizures in patients with acute intermittent porphyria |
Gabapentin |
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-Eskalith, Lithobid -mood-altering drug primarily used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, recurrent depression, and aggressive or self-mutilating behavior |
Lithium |
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– are class of drugs that are used to treat depression, insomnia, extreme apathy, and loss of libido |
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) |
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- is a cyclic polypeptide that has potent immunosuppressive activity . Its primary clinical use is suppression of host-vs-graft rejection of heterotopic transplanted organs |
Cyclosporine |
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- is an orally administered immunosuppressive drug that is 100 times more potent than cyclosporine |
Tacrolimus |
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- anti-fungal agent with immunosuppressive activity that is used to prevent graft rejection in patients receiving kidney transplant |
Sirolimus |
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-lymphocyte proliferation inhibitor that is most commonly used as supplemental therapy with cyclosporine and tacrolimus in renal transplant patients |
Mycophenolic acid |
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-inhibits DNA synthesis in all cells - The efficacy of its therapy is dependent on a controlled period of inhibition that is accomplished by leucovorin. |
Methotrexate |
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- used in the treatment of respiratory disorders, such as asthma and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
Theophylline |
