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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adrenaline |
mixed adrenergic agonist Injectible |
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noradrenaline |
mixed adrenergic agonist Injectible No B2 effects |
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dopamine |
mixed adrenergic agonist Injectible |
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phenylpropanolamine |
mixed adrenergic agonist Oral suspension |
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Pseudoephedrine |
A1 agonist Oral |
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Dobutamine |
B1 agonist Injectible very short acting |
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Terbutaline |
B2 agonist Oral suspension, aerosol, subcutaneous |
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salbutamol |
B2 agonist Aerosol |
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Salmeterol |
B2 agonist Aerosol Longer-lasting, equine |
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clenbuterol |
B2 agonist Injectible, oral gel |
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Phenoxybenzamine |
a1 antagonist Oral capsule Aids urinary continence (relaxes smooth muscle component of urethral sphincter) |
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Bethanecol |
Parasympathomimetic Muscarinic agonist Tablet Primarily to aid urination but can't be used with blocked bladder. |
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Cisapride |
Parasympathomimetic Triggers ACh release from myenteric plexus Tablet Increased gut motility |
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Atropine |
Parasympatholytic anti-muscarinic Injectible, topical (eyes) |
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Tropicamide |
Parasympatholytic anti-muscarinic Topical (eyes) Retinal examination |
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Glycopyrrolate |
Parasympatholytic anti-muscarinic Injectible Less lipophilic than atropine (less CNS effects) |
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Neostigmine |
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor injectible |
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Pyridostigmine |
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor tablet |
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Edrophonium |
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor Injectible |
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Succinylcholine |
Anti-nicotinic Injectible Depolarising neuromuscular blocker |
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Atracurium |
Competitive anti-nicotinic Injectible Can be out competed by neostigmine |
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Digoxin |
+ve inotrope Tablet or injectible |
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Pimobendan |
+ve inotrope Tablet or injectible Vet-exlusive |
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Benazipril |
ACE Inhibitor (vasodilator) Tablet |
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Atenolol |
Beta blocker Tablet More selective for b1 |
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Propanolol |
Beta blocker Tablet |
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Amlodipine |
Calcium channel blocker Tablet Feline hypertension |
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Nitroglycerine |
Nitrate (vasodilator) Topical, sublingual tablet, oral spray Often applied on inner ear |
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Nitroprusside |
Nitrate Injectible |
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Prazosin |
a1 antagoinst (vasodilator) tablet |
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Quinidine |
Sodium channel blocker |
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Procainamide |
Sodium channel blocker |
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Sotalol |
Beta-blocker + potassium channel blocker |
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Diltiazem
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Calcium channel blocker Tablet |
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Amiodarone |
Potassium channel blocker |
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Frusemide |
Loop diuretic Tablet, injectible, oral liquid |
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Manitol |
Osmotic diuretic Injectible |
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Spironolactone |
Potassium-sparring diuretic Tablet |
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Ammonium chloride |
Urinary acidifier Tablet |
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Diazepam |
Benzodiazepine Injectible, tablet |
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Midazolam |
Benzodiazepine Injectible |
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Flumazenil |
Benzodiazepine antagonist Injectible |
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Acepromazine |
Neuroleptic Injectible |
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Medetomidine |
a2 agonist Injectible (IV or IM) |
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Dexmedetomidine |
a2 agonist
Injectible Chiral version of medetomidine with reduced CVS and increased CNS effects |
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Xylazine |
a2 agonist
Injectible (IV) Ruminant sensitivity |
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Detomidine |
a2 agonist
Injectible Longer DOA than xylazine + greater efficacy |
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Romifidine |
a2 agonist
Injectible Less ataxia than xylazine or detomidine |
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Yohimbine |
a2 antagonist Injectible Xylazine reversing agent |
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Atipamezole |
a2 antagonist
Injectible (NOT IV) Medetomidine reversing agent |
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Guaifenesin |
CNS drug of unknown MOA Injectible |
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Methocarbamol |
CNS drug of unknown MOA Injectible, tablet Antidote - used alongside atropine for acetylcholine esterase inhibitor toxicity |
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Tramadol |
µ-agonist also slows uptake of serotonin and NAdr Oral tablets/drops and injectible |
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Naloxone |
Opioid antagonist Reversal agent for opioid overdose |
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Fentanyl |
µ-agonist Strongest with shortest DOA (20-30mins) Injectable and transdermal patch |
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Morphine |
µ-agonist DOA 3-4hrs, poor oral bioavailablity Injectible |
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Methadone |
µ-agonist DOA 3-4hrs, good oral bioavailablity Injectable and oral syrup |
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Codeine |
Weak µ-agonist Good oral bioavailablity Mainly used as anti-tussive Oral tablet/liquid and injectable |
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Pethidine |
Weak µ-agonist More commonly used in people Injectable but not IV (particularly horses) as causes massive histamine release |
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Butorphanol |
k-agonist, weak µ-antagonist Good sedative with little analgesia in mammals Better analgesia in birds Injectable |
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Buprenorphine |
partialµ-agonist, weak k-antagonist Slower onset but extended DOA (up to 10hrs) Injectable as well as transdermal patch |
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Thiopentone |
Barbiturate IV general anaesthesia Injectable |
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Pentobarbitone |
Barbiturate Euthanasia solution/backup anticonvulsant Injectable |
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Alfaxalone |
Neurosteroid - GABA agonist IV general anaesthetic Injectable |
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Propofol |
GABA agonists IV general anaethetic/backup anticonvulsant White drug that goes IV Injectable |
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Ketamine |
Disassociative IV general anaesthetic Injectable and oral |
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Tiletamine - Zolazepam |
Disassociative + benzodiazepine IV general anaethetic Injectable |
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Halothane |
Inhalant GA Slowest induction and adjustment Rarely used in SAs - mainly only used in horses Gas |
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Isoflurane |
Inhalant GA Moderate induction and adjustment Used wildlife and birds - irritates airways Gas |
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Sevoflurane |
Inhalant GA Moderate induction and adjustment Does not irritates airways Gas |
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Desflurane |
Inhalant GA Fastest induction and adjustment but requires specialised equiptment to use Gas |
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Potassium bromide |
Oldest anticonvulsant with unknown MOA Oral medication that requires significant loading dose |
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Levetiracetam |
New anticonvulsant with unknown MOA Able to supress seizures without affecting normal neuronal excitability Injectible or oral tablets |
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Gabapentin |
New anticonvulsant with unknown MOA Very few side effects also indicated or neuropathic pain Oral tablets |
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Imepitoin |
Partial agonist at benzodiazepine receptor Anticonvulsant with little drug tolerance Oral tablets |
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Clomipramine |
Trycyclic antidepressant Only one registered in vetmed Oral tablets |
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Amitriptyline |
Trycyclic antidepressant Used off-label in vetmed Oral tablets |
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Fluoxentine |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Selective for serotonin so fewer side effects than TCA Oral tablets |
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Selegiline |
Monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor Slows breakdown of dopamine In-feed additive |
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Medroxyprogesterone |
Progesterone analogue Long-acting depot effect Injectable |
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Propentofylline |
Methylxanthine derivative Indicated for canine cognitive dysfunction Oral tablet |
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Feline facial pheromone analogue |
Synthetic feline pheromone Spray and infusor |
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Dog appeasing pheromone |
Synthetic canine pheromone Spray and collars |
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Lignocaine |
Na channel blocker Local anaethetic and anti-arrhythmic Fast acting Injectable |
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Buprivicaine |
Na channel blocker Local anaesthetic Longer DOA than lignocaine Injectable |
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Mepivacaine |
Na channel blocker Local anaesthetic Less irritating than lignocaine Injectable |
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Proxymetacaine |
Na channel blocker Local anaethetic Epitheliotoxic Topical (ocular) |
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EMLA |
Na channel blocker Local anaesthetic Slow onset of action but good absorption through intact skin Topical |
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Meloxicam |
NSAID (non-COX-1 sparing) Variety of concentrations available Oral and injectable preparations |
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Carprofen |
NSAID (non-COX-1 sparing) Variety of concentrations available Oral and injectable preparations |
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Firocoxib + Deracoxib |
NSAID (COX-1 sparing) Only registered in dogs Oral tablets |
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Robenacoxib |
NSAID (COX-1 sparing) Registered for dogs and cats Oral and injectable preparation |
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Mavacoxib |
NSAID (COX-1 sparing) Extremely long-acting (monthly after loading dose) Oral tablets |
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Tolfenamic Acid |
NSAID (COX-1 sparing) Used in production animals Injectable |
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Flunixin |
NSAID (non-COX-1 sparing) Used in production animals Injectable |
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Phenylbutazone |
NSAID (non-COX-1 sparing) Used for horses but not production animals Injectable and oral paste |
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Pentosan polysulfate |
Polysulfated Glycosaminoglycan Injectable |
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Prednisolone |
Corticosteroid DOA 24-36hrs All forms |
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Methyprednisolone |
Corticosteroid Depot effect (2-4 week DOA) Injectable |
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Dexamethazone |
Corticosteroid DOA 72hrs Injectable |
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(Hydro)cortisone |
Corticosteroid Rapid absorption through intact skin with low concentrations reaching systemic circulation Topical |
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Fluticasone |
Corticosteroid Inhalant |
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Fludrocortisone |
Mineralocorticoid-selective corticosteriod Used for treatment of Addison's Disease |
