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71 Cards in this Set
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a movement in American Protestantism that arose in the early part of the 20th century in reaction to modernism and that stresses the infallibility of the Bible not only in matters of faith and morals but also as a literal historical record, holding as essential to Christian faith belief in such doctrines as the creation of the world, the virgin birth, physical resurrection, atonement by the sacrificial death of Christ, and the Second Coming.
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fundamentalism
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the use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, esp. for political purposes.
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terrorism
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a nation with all the facilities needed for the advanced production of manufactured goods.
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developed nations
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the creation of plants or animals that are genetically identical to an existing plant or animal.
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cloning
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a slowdown in a nation's economy
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recession
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a harbor near Honolulu, on S Oahu, in Hawaii: surprise attack by Japan on the U.S. naval base and other military installations December 7, 1941.
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Pearl Harbor
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he systematic mass slaughter of European Jews in Nazi concentration camps during World War II
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Holocaust
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dropped on Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki (August 9) 1945 that bought a conclusion to World War II, and preventing an Allied invasion of Japan.
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Atomic Bomb
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a member of the dark-skinned people who were the earliest inhabitants of Australia.
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Aborigine
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a person who organizes and manages any enterprise, esp. a business, usually with considerable initiative and risk.
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entrepreneur
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The systematic and planned extermination of an entire national, racial, political, or ethnic group.
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genocide
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"My Struggle"- Adolf Hitler's book
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Mein Kampf
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a 20th-century style of popular music developed mainly be African-American musicians.
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Jazz
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32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the Great Depression and led country during World War II
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FDR
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a war in which every available weapon is used and the nation's full financial resources are devoted
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total war
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A ship canal, about 82 km (51 mi) long, crossing the Isthmus of Panama in the Canal Zone and connecting the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. It was begun by the French in 1881, but the project was abandoned in 1889. The United States gained construction rights after Panama declared its independence in 1903, and the canal was opened to traffic on August 15, 1914. A 1977 treaty stipulated that the Panamanians gained full rights of sovereignty over the canal on December 31, 1999.
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Panama Canal
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government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.
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Democracy
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a penal institution where prisoners are exiled (often located on an island from which escape is difficult or impossible)
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Penal Colony
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a person of racially mixed ancestry, esp., in Latin America, of mixed American Indian and European, usually Spanish or Portuguese, ancestry, or, in the Philippines, of mixed native and foreign ancestry.
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mestizo
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a comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon
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Napoleonic code
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discrimination against or prejudice or hostility toward Jews.
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anti-semitism
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absolute control by the state or a governing branch of a highly centralized institution.
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totalitarianism
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information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc.
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propaganda
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list of demands
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ultimatum
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A temporary cessation of fighting by mutual consent; a truce.
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armistice
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to withdraw formally from an alliance, federation, or association, as from a political union, a religious organization, etc.
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secede
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he right to vote, esp. in a political election.
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suffrage
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the science of human and animal behavior.
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psychology
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a military practice of devastating the property and agriculture of an area before abandoning it to an advancing enemy.
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scorched earth policy
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imits imposed on all branches of a government by vesting in each branch the right to amend or void those acts of another that fall within its purview.
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checks and balances
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The programs and policies to promote economic recovery and social reform introduced during the 1930s by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
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New Deal
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hatred or intolerance of another race or other races.
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Racism
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supreme power or sovereignty held by a single person.
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monarchy
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the policy, as stated by President Monroe in 1823, that the U.S. opposed further European colonization of and interference with independent nations in the Western Hemisphere
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Monroe Doctrine
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he “great charter” of English liberties, forced from King John by the English barons and sealed at Runnymede, June 15, 1215.
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Magna Carta
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Scottish-born American inventor of the telephone. The first demonstration of electrical transmission of speech by his apparatus took place in 1876. Bell also invented the audiometer, an early hearing aid, and improved the phonograph.
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Alexander Graham Bell
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Christopher (Sp. Cristóbal Colón; It. Cristoforo Colombo), 1446?–1506, Italian navigator in Spanish service: traditionally considered the discoverer of America 1492.
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Columbus
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any program, esp. when undertaken by a national government, involving the redistribution of agricultural land among the landless.
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land reform
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the economic crisis and period of low business activity in the U.S. and other countries, roughly beginning with the stock-market crash in October, 1929, and continuing through most of the 1930s.
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Great Depression
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a vast computer network linking smaller computer networks worldwide (usually prec. by the). The Internet includes commercial, educational, governmental, and other networks, all of which use the same set of communications protocols.
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Internet
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lightning war
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Blitzkrieg
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a form of democracy in which the people as a whole make direct decisions, rather than have those decisions made for them by elected representatives
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direct democracy
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any of the means of communication, as television or newspapers, that reach very large numbers of people.
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mass media
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The third President of the United States (1801-1809). A member of the second Continental Congress, he drafted the Declaration of Independence (1776). His presidency was marked by the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France (1803) and the Tripolitan War (1801-1805). A political philosopher, educator, and architect, Jefferson designed his own estate, Monticello, and buildings for the University of Virginia.
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Thomas Jefferson
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a grant by the king to Protestant dissenters and Roman Catholics freeing them from certain penalties imposed, by legislation, because of their religion.
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indulgences
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a division into or distribution in portions or shares.
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partition
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a rigid policy of segregation of the nonwhite population.
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apartheid
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to refuse to work in order to force an employer to meet certain demands
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strike
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English philosopher and mathematician: formulator of the law of gravitation.
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issac newton
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English poet and dramatist.
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shakespeare
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a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and a number of individual states.
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federal system
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the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit.
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annexation
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a form of energy released as atoms decay
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radio activity
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the legal or social separation of people of different races
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segregation
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the idea that government should not interfere with or regulate industries and businesses.
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laissez-faire
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to cancel or set aside
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annul
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a person who supports artists, especially financially.
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patron
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a temporary rule by military authorities over a civilian population, usually imposed in times of war or civil unrest
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martial law
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a system of governing in which the ruler's power is limited by law
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constitutional monarchy
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the idea, proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, that species of plants and animals arise by means of a process of natural selection
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theory of evolution
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the process by which wages, hours, rules, and working conditions are negotiated and agreed upon by a union with an employer for all the employees collectively whom it represents.
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collective bargaining
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the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which protect citizens' basic rights and freedoms
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bill of rights
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exclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices.
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monopoly
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a government controlled by religious leaders
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theocracy
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an democratic style election
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free election
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an opponent of a government's policies or actions
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dessidents
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a machine for beheading people, used as means of execution during the French Revolution
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guillotine
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German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary. With the help and support of Friedrich Engels he wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867-1894). These works explain historical development in terms of the interaction of contradictory economic forces, form the basis of all communist theory, and have had a profound influence on the social sciences.
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karl marx
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a business in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose, then share the profits
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joint-stock company
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the everyday language of people in a region or country
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vernacular
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A doctrine by which a numerical majority of an organized group holds the power to make decisions binding on all in the group.
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majority rule
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