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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was lay investiture?
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Nobles (lords) appointing priests, bishops, and abbots without church approval.
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What was the Investiture Controversy? Who were the major players?
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Power struggle between Pope Gregory VII and German HRE (Holy Roman Emperor) Henry IV.
Pope Gregory wanted to end Lay Investiture, which Henry IV had been practicing for many years. Henry refused to comply, and Gregory excommunicated him twice. |
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What did the Concordat of Worms (AD1122) do?
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Resolved the Investiture Controversy, so that both the nobility and clergy controlled bishops.
The church appointed bishops, and bishops paid homage to HRE as their lord. |
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What was the interdict?
Why did popes use it? |
The interdict was like a mass excommunication of a group of people or a whole country. Priests were forbidden to give the sacraments to those under interdict. The pope imposed it as a punishment to disobedient nobles. Being cut off from the church terrified people, and they pressured their rulers to obey the pope.
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Describe the Order of the Cistercians.
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- Created by disgruntled Benedictine monks.
- Advocated strict observance of monastic rules. - Known as the "white monks." - Ate a simple diet. - They were more active in the outside world. |
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Describe the Order of the Franciscans.
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- Started by St Francis of Assisi, patron saint of animals and the environment.
- He was born into a wealthy family, but rejected wealth to live a life of simplicity and poverty. - Franciscans rejected all property, and begged or worked for food. - They lived among and helped the poor. - They were missionaries.. |
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Describe the Order of the Dominicans.
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- Created by St. Dominic
- Purpose was to combat heresy - Lived in poverty - Focus on preaching |
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What was the Inquisition?
What did it focus on? Why did many Europeans support it? |
- Court that tried heretics
- Heretics that confessed performed public penance and were punished - Those who did not confess were tortured until they did & often executed - Many Europeans supported it because using force to save souls was considered acceptable at that time |
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How did Christians view the sacraments
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- The sacraments were a way to receive God's grace and salvation
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How did Christians view the veneration of saints?
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- They offered a connection between the earthly world and God
- They could produce miracles |
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How did Christians view relics, and why were they important to them?
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- They offered a connection between the earthly world and God
- They could produce miracles |
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How did Christians view pilgrimages?
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- As something that benefited them spiritually.
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What is veneration of the saints?
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- Admiring them and studying their lives
- Praying for the intercession of the saints when praying for needs |
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What are relics?
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- Bones or other objects connected with saints, considered worthy of worship by the faithful
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What is a pilgrimage?
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- Journey to a holy place for spiritual renewal
- Popular pilgrimage destinations were Jerusalem, Rome |
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What is heresy?
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- A crime against God
- A different interpretation of religious beliefs that was not accepted by the Catholic church |
