Validity And Reliability

Front 1

Reliability

Back 1

How consistent or dependable a test and its results are.

Front 2

Internal Reliability

Back 2

How consistently a method measures within itself, (different parts of the test should give consistent results).

Front 3

External Reliability

Back 3

The test should produce consistent results regardless of when it is used.

Front 4

Inter-rater Reliability

Back 4

How consistent results are between researchers, (should give consistent results regardless of who administers it).

Front 5

Test-retest

Back 5

A measure of reliability that uses the same test twice. If participants 2 sets of data correlate well, the measure has good reliability.

Front 6

Split-half

Back 6

A measure of reliability that compares 2 halves of a test (e.g. odd and even numbered questions). If participant's scores on both halves correlate well, the measure has good reliability.

Front 7

Validity

Back 7

How well a test measures what it is supposed to measure.

Front 8

Internal Validity

Back 8

Whether the results are down to genuine variables being measured rather than extraneous variables

Front 9

External Validity

Back 9

Whether the results can be generalised if conducted in different environments or using different participants.

Front 10

Face Validity

Back 10

Whether a test appears at face value, to test what it claims.

Front 11

Construct Validity

Back 11

Whether a measure is based on some certain-to-exist phenomenon, which it tests. It arises as a consequence of combined theoretical and empirical research, rather than being the product of a single measure or procedure.

Front 12

Criterion Validity

Back 12

Indicates whether a phenomenon measured in one way will relate to, or predict, some other related variable. This relationship can be co-existing either at the same time (concurrent) or in the future (predictive).

Front 13

Predictive Validity

Back 13

The extent to which the measure can indicate what will happen in the future, and is correct in this forecast.

Front 14

Concurrent Validity

(A type of criterion validity)

Back 14

Whether a measure will produce a similar score for a particular individual as another test that claims to assess the same phenomenon. This can be assessed by comparing results to a measure known to be effective.

Front 15

Population Validity

Back 15

The extent to which findings from one sample can be generalised to the whole population from which the sample was taken and to other populations.

Front 16

Ecological Validity

Back 16

The extent to which results reflect real life (representative of naturally occurring behaviour).