Us History I Clep Practice Test

Front 1

Treaty of Tordesillas

Back 1

Between Spain and Portugal

Front 2

Which conquistadore unwittingly gave smallpox to the Indians and destroyed the Aztec empire in Mexico

Back 2

Cortes

Front 3

Which conquistador discovered the Mississippi River

Back 3

De Soto

Front 4

New Spain in the 1500's

Back 4

Conquistafores experienced shortages of labor in the New World

Front 5

involved in the search for a northwest passage

Back 5

Cerrazzano, Cabot, Cartier and Magellan

Front 6

Not true about the english expansionism in the 16th century

Back 6

England's defeat of the Spanish armada in 1588 brought a decisive end to their war with spain.

Front 7

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the Virginia Companies?
a. One of these companies, the Virginia Company of Plymouth, made its base in North America.
b. One of these companies, the Virginia Company of London, made its base in Massachusetts.
c. One company had a charter to colonize America between the Hudson and Cape Fear rivers.
d. One company had a charter to colonize America from the Potomac River to north Maine.
e. The Virginia Companies were both joint-stock companies that raised funds by selling stock.

Back 7

b. One of these companies, the Virginia Company of London, made its base in Massachusetts.

Front 8

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the colony of Jamestown?
a. The colony of Jamestown was established by the Virginia Company of London in 1607.
b. The colony of Jamestown became the first permanent English colony in North America.
c. The majority of settlers in early Jamestown died of starvation, disease, or Indian attacks.
d. Many settlers were English gentry who would not farm or explorers looking for treasure.
e. John Smith’s governance helped Jamestown more than John Rolfe’s tobacco discovery.

Back 8

e. John Smith’s governance helped Jamestown more than John Rolfe’s tobacco discovery.

Front 9

Which of the following is not a correct statement regarding the Pilgrims?
a. The Pilgrims left England in 1620 on the ship known as the Mayflower and landed at Cape Cod.
b. The Pilgrims were led by William Bradford with a charter from the London Company.
c. The Pilgrims were a group of Puritans who left England to escape religious persecution.
d. The Pilgrims were a group of separatists who migrated to leave the Church of England.
e. The Pilgrims wrote and signed the Mayflower Compact on the ship before going ashore.

Back 9

c. The Pilgrims were a group of Puritans who left England to escape religious persecution.

Front 10

Which of the following is not true regarding the early colonization of New York?
a. Dutch fur traders first created the New Amsterdam settlement on Manhattan Island in 1624.
b. King Charles II of England entitled his brother James to conquer New Amsterdam in 1664.
c. James, Duke of York, prohibited assemblies in New York as he was against representation.
d. Colonel Richard Nicols granted very few civil or political rights to the New York colonials.
e. New York colonial citizens, especially Puritans on Long Island, demanded self-government.

Back 10

d. Colonel Richard Nicols granted very few civil or political rights to the New York colonials.

Front 11

11. Which of the following did not contribute to differences in the lives of New England colonists vs. the lives of Chesapeake colonists during the 17th century?
a. In Virginia and Maryland, female settlers greatly outnumbered male settlers.
b. New England colonists had significantly longer life expectancies than did Chesapeake colonists.
c. New England colonists had a better organized, more stable society than did Chesapeake colonists.
d. New England colonists had educational advantages over Chesapeake colonists.
e. New England could not support large farms, which resulted in a richer economy.

Back 11

a. In Virginia and Maryland, female settlers greatly outnumbered male settlers.

Front 12

12. Which of the following is not true regarding British mercantilism and the American colonies?
a. English mercantilists held the belief that the government should regulate all economic enterprise.
b. The many crops produced on American colony farms contributed to English mercantilism.
c. The Navigation Acts were passed by Parliament between 1650 and 1700 to further mercantilism.
d. British mercantilism fueled wars with Holland, but did not contribute to American prosperity.
e. Mercantilism raised prices of British goods for Americans and lowered prices of colonial goods.

Back 12

d. British mercantilism fueled wars with Holland, but did not contribute to American prosperity.

Front 13

13. Which of the following statements is not true about the Quakers?
a. The colonies of Pennsylvania and Delaware were originally established to provide Quakers with religious freedom.
b. The Quakers, though pacifists regarding war, were also aggressively subversive of social institutions and classes.
c. The Quakers, while religious, did not assign much significance to the Bible or most human institutions.
d. The Quakers were one of several radical religious groups formed in England around the time of the English Civil War.
e. William Penn, a Quaker, established Pennsylvania to provide religious freedom, but there was initially no representative assembly.

Back 13

e. William Penn, a Quaker, established Pennsylvania to provide religious freedom, but there was initially no representative assembly.

Front 14

This war included no major army battles on american soil and no major changes in territories

Back 14

King williams War

Front 15

15. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the inception of the Georgia colony?
a. Georgia was originally founded to create a buffer zone between South Carolina and Florida.
b. British philanthropist General James Oglethorpe and his followers founded Georgia.
c. The charter to establish a British colony in what is now Georgia was granted in 1765.
d. Due to the founders’ extensive rules, few settlers came, and those few were unhappy.
e. Georgia’s original settlers were British subjects who were economically unsuccessful.

Back 15

c. The charter to establish a British colony in what is now Georgia was granted in 1765.

Front 16

16. Which of the following is true about the Enlightenment?
a. The Enlightenment was a philosophical movement that began in America and spread to Europe.
b. One of the most central premises of the Enlightenment was the importance of God in the world.
c. John Locke believed that governments should not be deposed for violating social or political rights.
d. In Enlightenment philosophy, traditional values, practices, and institutions were always upheld.
e. Of those who embraced the Enlightenment in America, the best known was Benjamin Franklin.

Back 16

e. Of those who embraced the Enlightenment in America, the best known was Benjamin Franklin.

Front 17

This American was not particularly associated with the great awakening

Back 17

Benjamin franklin

Front 18

18. Which of the following is a correct statement concerning the French and Indian War?
a. Then-Major George Washington, dispatched to Pennsylvania to oust the French, succeeded.
b. In 1756, this war extended over to Europe, where it became known as the Seven Years’ War.
c. Colonial delegates included Thomas Jefferson, who proposed an inter-colonial government.
d. English Major General Edward Braddock defeated an ambush on the way to Fort Duquesne.
e. The Treaty of Paris gave Britain all France’s territories in Canada, but not in all of North America.

Back 18

b. In 1756, this war extended over to Europe, where it became known as the Seven Years’ War.

Front 19

19. Which of these factors was not a direct contributor to the beginning of the American Revolution?
a. The attitudes of American colonists toward Great Britain following the French and Indian War
b. The attitudes of leaders in Great Britain toward the American colonies and imperialism
c. James Otis’s court argument against Great Britain’s Writs of Assistance as breaking natural law
d. Lord Grenville’s Proclamation of 1763, Sugar Act, Currency Act, and especially Stamp Act
e. James Otis, Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, the Sons of Liberty, and the Stamp Act Congress

Back 19

a. The attitudes of American colonists toward Great Britain following the French and Indian War

Front 20

20. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the Tea Act of 1773?
a. The British East India Company was suffering financially because Americans were buying tea smuggled from Holland.
b. Parliament granted concessions to the British East India Company to ship tea straight to America, bypassing England.
c. Colonists found that even with added taxes, tea directly shipped by the British East India Company cost less, and they bought it.
d. American colonists refused to buy less expensive tea from the British East India Company on the principle of taxation.
e. Many colonists felt the Boston Tea Party was wrong, but changed their minds upon the passage of the Intolerable Acts.

Back 20

c. Colonists found that even with added taxes, tea directly shipped by the British East India Company cost less, and they bought it.

Front 21

were dispatch riders notifying Americans of British troop movements reported by american surveillance in 1775

Back 21

Paul Revere, William Dawes

Front 22

British generals wo came to boston in May of 1775 to push General thomas gage to become more aggressive toward the american colonists?

Back 22

William Howe, Henry Clinton and John Burgoyne

Front 23

Who was leading the americans when they captured Fort Ticonderoga on Lake Champlain?

Back 23

Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold

Front 24

24. Which of the following events happened earliest on the eve of the American Revolution?
a. The Declaration of Independence, drafted mainly by Thomas Jefferson, was officially taken up by America’s Second Continental Congress.
b. Thomas Paine published his famous pamphlet, Common Sense, influencing even more moderate Americans to agree upon independence.
c. The Second Continental Congress issued the “Olive Branch Petition,” begging King George III to ask Parliament to make peace with them.
d. King George III of England approved the Prohibitory Act, an official declaration that the colonists were in rebellion and no longer protected.
e. Virginia’s Richard Henry Lee submitted several resolutions to Congress proposing American independence and a formal government.

Back 24

c. The Second Continental Congress issued the “Olive Branch Petition,” begging King George III to ask Parliament to make peace with them.

Front 25

What battles were won by George Washington against the British?

Back 25

Trenton and Princeton, NJ

Front 26

What Battle persuaded France to enter America's war against Britain?

Back 26

The Battle of Saratoga

Front 27

27. Which of the following statements is accurate concerning the Battle of Yorktown?
a. General Cornwallis won a victory in Yorktown, Virginia, overlooking Chesapeake Bay.
b. Washington’s army defeated Cornwallis’s troops single handedly in Yorktown, Virginia.
c. Cornwallis’s and Washington’s troops fought for three weeks to an indecisive conclusion.
d. Washington defeated Cornwallis with the help of a French naval fleet and a French land army.
e. None of the above

Back 27

d. Washington defeated Cornwallis with the help of a French naval fleet and a French land army.

Front 28

28. The 1783 Treaty of Paris included which of the following agreements?
a. Boundaries were established for the United States, including the southern tip of Florida as the southernmost boundary.
b. Britain was allowed to keep both Canada and Florida as imperial British territories under the terms of the Treaty of Paris.
c. The treaty stipulated that all private creditors in Britain were prohibited from making future debt collections from Americans.
d. Property of loyalists that was confiscated by American states was allowed by Congress to be kept by the states in this treaty.
e. Britain and the other most powerful countries of Europe recognized the United States’ independence as a nation.

Back 28

e. Britain and the other most powerful countries of Europe recognized the United States’ independence as a nation.

Front 29

29. Which of the following is true concerning the formation of new state governments in the new United States of America following freedom from British rule?
a. By the end of 1777, new constitutions had been created for twelve of the American states.
b. The states of Connecticut and Massachusetts retained their colonial charters, minus the British parts.
c. The state of Massachusetts required a special convention for its constitution, setting a good example.
d. The state of Massachusetts did not formally begin to use its new constitution until 1778.
e. Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia all started with viable constitutions with checks and balances.

Back 29

c. The state of Massachusetts required a special convention for its constitution, setting a good example.

Front 30

30. Which of these statements is incorrect regarding the Northwest Ordinance?
a. Congress officially passed this ordinance in 1785.
b. This ordinance provided a bill of rights for settlers.
c. This law stopped slavery north of the Ohio River.
d. This law allowed some territories to become states.
e. All of the above statements are correct.

Back 30

a. Congress officially passed this ordinance in 1785.

Front 31

31. Which of the following is not true with respect to the Constitutional Convention of 1787?
a. The delegates to the Convention had a common opinion that people are inherently selfish.
b. Convention delegate Benjamin Franklin was quite instrumental in the Great Compromise.
c. Edmund Randolph designed the “Virginia Plan,” which was introduced by James Madison.
d. Paterson’s New Jersey Plan favoring smaller states was an alternative to the Virginia Plan.
e. The Three-Fifths Compromise resolved differences between the North and South over slavery.

Back 31

c. Edmund Randolph designed the “Virginia Plan,” which was introduced by James Madison.

Front 32

32. In what year was George Washington inaugurated as the first President of the United States?

Back 32

1789

Front 33

Amendments is included in the bill of rights

Back 33

Amendment stating non-federal powers were kept by states

Front 34

34. Which of the following is a power held only by the federal government?
a. The power to levy taxes, borrow money, and spend money
b. The power to award copyrights and patents to people or groups
c. The power to establish the criteria that qualify a person to vote
d. The power to ratify proposed amendments to the Constitution
e. The power to keep police control of public health and safety

Back 34

b. The power to award copyrights and patents to people or groups

Front 35

35. Of the following actions, which one requires a three-fourths majority?
a. State approval of a proposed amendment to the Constitution
b. Submitting a proposal for an amendment to the Constitution
c. Ratification for appointments to the Presidency in the Senate
d. The introduction of charges for an impeachment in the House
e. The overriding of any veto that the President has declared

Back 35

a. State approval of a proposed amendment to the Constitution

Front 36

36. Which of the following was not a provision of the Judiciary Act of 1789?
a. The initial establishment of the Supreme Court of the United States
b. Constitutional validity of state laws to be judged by the Supreme Court
c. The appointment of nine justices as members of the Supreme Court
d. The establishment of a district court system for original jurisdiction
e. The establishment of three courts of appeal, as well as district courts

Back 36

c. The appointment of nine justices as members of the Supreme Court

Front 37

37. Which of the following is correct regarding the emergence of political parties in the new United States of America?
a. The Federalists were followers of Thomas Jefferson and their opponents followed Alexander Hamilton.
b. The Anti-Federalists, as they were originally called by the Federalists, eventually developed into Democrats.
c. The Federalists believed in a close, literal interpretation of the Constitution, while their opponents did not.
d. Those who opposed the views of Alexander Hamilton and sided with Thomas Jefferson became Republicans.
e. James Madison primarily supported Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton’s philosophies and policies.

Back 37

d. Those who opposed the views of Alexander Hamilton and sided with Thomas Jefferson became Republicans.`

Front 38

38. Which of these is true concerning the French Revolution, America, and Europe?
a. When France’s revolution spread and they went to war with other European countries, George Washington allied with the French.
b. During the time period around 1792, American merchants were conducting trading with countries on both sides of the war.
c. American traders conducted business with various countries, profiting the most from the British West Indies.
d. The Spanish navy retaliated against America for trading with the French by capturing American trading ships.
e. When Citizen Genêt encouraged American people to support the French government, Washington agreed with him.

Back 38

b. During the time period around 1792, American merchants were conducting trading with countries on both sides of the war

Front 39

39. Which statement is not true about American Indians and American settlers in the 1790s?
a. Indian tribes were fighting back against American settlers encroaching on their territory along the Northwestern border of the country.
b. Indian tribes were fighting back against American settlers encroaching on their territory along the Southwestern border of the country.
c. In Canada, British officials were actually encouraging Indian tribes to continue to wage attacks on American frontier settlements.
d. General Anthony Wayne’s defeat of the Indians and the Treaty of Greenville removed all Indian tribes from the Ohio territory.
e. The 1794 Treaty of Greenville following the Battle of Fallen Timbers effectively restored peace between the settlers and the Indians.

Back 39

e. The 1794 Treaty of Greenville following the Battle of Fallen Timbers effectively restored peace between the settlers and the Indians.

Front 40

40. Which of the following is not true regarding the Whiskey Rebellion?
a. Washington’s dispatching federal troops did not resolve the revolt, a setback for the government.
b. An excise tax levied on whiskey was central to Treasury Secretary Hamilton’s revenue program.
c. Farmers in Pennsylvania objected to the excise tax on whiskey, and were refusing to pay the tax.
d. Farmers in Pennsylvania committed acts of terrorism against tax collectors over the whiskey tax.
e. President Washington sent a federal militia of 15,000 troops to address the Whiskey Rebellion.

Back 40

a. Washington’s dispatching federal troops did not resolve the revolt, a setback for the government.

Front 41

41. Which of the following is correct about the Presidential election of 1796?
a. John Adams ran for President as the Republican Party’s candidate.
b. Thomas Jefferson ran for President as the Federalist Party’s candidate.
c. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson ran for opposing political parties.
d. John Adams ran for President with running mate Thomas Jefferson.
e. Thomas Jefferson ran for President with running mate John Adams.

Back 41

c. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson ran for opposing political parties.

Front 42

42. What is not true concerning the election and “Revolution” of 1800 in America?
a. Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr ran as Republicans during this election.
b. John Adams and Charles Pinckney ran as Federalists during this election.
c. The Republican candidates received an equal number of electoral votes.
d. The Federalist candidates received an equal number of electoral votes.
e. Alexander Hamilton eventually shifted his support to Thomas Jefferson.

Back 42

d. The Federalist candidates received an equal number of electoral votes.

Front 43

43. Which of these is not a correct description of the 1803 Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison?
a. William Marbury sued Secretary of State Madison, demanding Madison appoint him Justice of the Peace.
b. Supreme Court Justice John Marshall stated Marbury’s claim was unconstitutional, a first in U.S. history.
c. This case established the precedent of judicial review, which states that courts may cancel other branches’ actions.
d. The Supreme Court’s decision in this case was instrumental in defining the American system of checks and balances.
a. John Marshall continued to act as Secretary of State after being appointed Chief Supreme Court Justice.

Back 43

a. William Marbury sued Secretary of State Madison, demanding Madison appoint him Justice of the Peace.

Front 44

44. Which of the following is not a true statement regarding the Louisiana Purchase?
a. Jefferson sent a delegation to Paris to endeavor to purchase only the city of New Orleans from Napoleon.
b. Napoleon, anticipating U.S. intrusions into Louisiana, offered to sell the U.S. the entire Louisiana territory.
c. The American delegation accepted Napoleon’s offer, though they were only authorized to buy New Orleans.
d. Jefferson wanted Congress’s approval of this purchase, which they gave based on his power to make treaties.
e. The Louisiana Purchase, once it was completed, increased the territory of the U.S. by 50% overnight.

Back 44

e. The Louisiana Purchase, once it was completed, increased the territory of the U.S. by 50% overnight.

Front 45

45. Which of these was not a factor that contributed to the duel in which Aaron Burr killed Alexander Hamilton?
a. Some Federalists who opposed U.S. Western expansion were attempting to organize a movement to secede from the Union.
b. Alexander Hamilton challenged Aaron Burr to a duel because he objected to U.S. expansion into the West, which Burr supported.
c. Secessionist Federalists tried to enlist Aaron Burr’s support for their cause by backing him in his run for Governor of New York.
d. Alexander Hamilton was the leader of the group that opposed Aaron Burr’s campaign to run for New York Governor.
e. When Aaron Burr lost the election for Governor of New York, he challenged Hamilton to a duel and killed him.

Back 45

b. Alexander Hamilton challenged Aaron Burr to a duel because he objected to U.S. expansion into the West, which Burr supported.

Front 46

46. Which of these events was the least important contributing factor leading to the War of 1812?
a. Macon’s Bill No. 2 empowered the President to ban trade with any country that violated U.S. neutrality.
b. British officials running Canada were egging Indian tribes on in their border attacks of U.S. settlements.
c. The Spanish, who were allied with the British, were in favor of the Indian tribes’ attacks on U.S. settlements.
d. The Non-Intercourse Act put an embargo on trade with Britain and France, but opened trade to other countries.
e. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, both members of Congress, led the War Hawks in agitating Britain to push them to go to war.

Back 46

d. The Non-Intercourse Act put an embargo on trade with Britain and France, but opened trade to other countries.

Front 47

47. Which of the following did not occur during the War of 1812?
a. Early in the war, the U.S. executed a three-pronged invasion of Canada and succeeded on two of three fronts.
b. Early in the war, Americans won naval battles against the British, but were soon beaten back by the British.
c. Admiral Oliver Hazard Perry’s fleet defeated the British navy on Lake Erie in September, 1813.
d. William Henry Harrison invaded Canada and defeated the British and the Indians in the Battle of the Thames.
e. The famous Old Ironsides was a U.S. ship that defeated British ships before Britain overcame the U.S.

Back 47

a. Early in the war, the U.S. executed a three-pronged invasion of Canada and succeeded on two of three fronts.

Front 48

48. Which of the following is true about the Treaty of Ghent?
a. The Treaty of Ghent was signed on December 24, 1814.
b. The European wars were over when the treaty was signed.
c. The Battle of New Orleans occurred after this treaty was signed.
d. The treaty restored all war cessions of land to both sides.
e. All of the above

Back 48

e. All of the above

Front 49

49. Which of the following statements is not true of the Federalists during and after the War of 1812?
a. The Federalists in New England were adamantly against the war to the point that they considered seceding.
b. Delegates from New England states met in Hartford, Connecticut in 1814 and wrote a set of resolutions.
c. Federalists were a strong majority until the Treaty of Ghent and the Battle of New Orleans ended the war.
d. News of Jackson’s victory in the Battle of New Orleans discredited the Federalists and the Hartford Convention.
e. When Federalists were humiliated by the Treaty of Ghent’s return to prewar status, their party was disbanded.

Back 49

c. Federalists were a strong majority until the Treaty of Ghent and the Battle of New Orleans ended the war.

Front 50

50. Which of these is least closely related to the Monroe Doctrine?
a. Countries in South America had been revolting since 1810 against European imperialist rule.
b. After Napoleon’s defeat in 1814, many Latin Americans declared independence from Europe.
c. Spain sold the remainder of its Florida territories not taken by Jackson to America in 1819.
d. Both British and American leaders were afraid Europeans would try to retake former colonies.
e. Addressing Congress, President Monroe said the Americas would not be colonized by Europe.

Back 50

c. Spain sold the remainder of its Florida territories not taken by Jackson to America in 1819.

Front 51

51. Which statement is not true regarding the years after the War of 1812 in America?
a. America experienced accelerated economic and social development during this time.
b. Overly rapid progress alternating with depression caused a negative popular mood.
c. There was a severe depression in 1819, a backlash against accelerated growth.
d. America was changing from an agricultural society into an industrial society.
e. The trend toward westward expansion in the United States gained more momentum.

Back 51

b. Overly rapid progress alternating with depression caused a negative popular mood.

Front 52

52. Of the following decisions by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall, which one represents the first time a state law was nullified for violating a constitutional principle?
a. Marbury v. Madison
b. Dartmouth v. Woodward
c. McCulloch v. Maryland
d. Fletcher v. Peck
e. Gibbons v. Ogden

Back 52

d. Fletcher v. Peck

Front 53

53. Which of the following is not correct about the growth of America in the first half of the 19th century?
a. By 1840, two thirds of all Americans resided west of the Allegheny Mountains.
b. The population of America doubled every 25 years during this time period.
c. The trend of westward expansion increased as more people migrated west.
d. Immigration to America from other countries was not substantial prior to 1820.
e. Around 1820, immigration to the U.S. increased, mainly from the British Isles.

Back 53

a. By 1840, two thirds of all Americans resided west of the Allegheny Mountains.

Front 54

54. Which of the following was the first canal built in New York State?
a. The Cayuga-Seneca Canal
b. The Chambly Canal
c. The Oswego Canal
d. The Barge Canal
e. The Erie Canal

Back 54

e. The Erie Canal

Front 55

55. Which of the following is not correct concerning the growth of American labor unions?
a. The new factory system separated workers from owners, which tended to depersonalize workplaces.
b. The goal of attaining an 8-hour work day stimulated growth in labor organizing in the early 1800s.
c. The first organized workers’ strike was in Paterson, New Jersey in 1828, and was by child laborers.
d. Recurring downturns in the economy tended to limit workers’ demands for rights until the 1850s.
e. The period of growth in the organization of labor was curtailed by the depression of 1837.

Back 55

b. The goal of attaining an 8-hour work day stimulated growth in labor organizing in the early 1800s.

Front 56

56. Which of the following is not true regarding public schools in the early 19th century?
a. Virtually no public schools existed in America prior to around 1815.
b. Schools were mainly financed by private corporate or religious groups.
c. Thomas Jefferson’s plan of a free school in Virginia was realized.
d. American schools were elitist, catering to the rich and to males in academics.
e. The New York Free School represented a very unusual instance of a school for the poor.

Back 56

c. Thomas Jefferson’s plan of a free school in Virginia was realized.

Front 57

57. Which of these statements is incorrect about colleges and universities in the early 19th century?
a. The total numbers of colleges and universities increased significantly during this time period.
b. In the early 19th century, all existing institutions of higher learning were private, not public.
c. All of the institutions of higher learning during this time period charged expensive tuitions.
d. Early colleges and universities offered a variety of courses and gave professional training.
e. Less than one out of ten young men attended a college or university, and no women attended.

Back 57

d. Early colleges and universities offered a variety of courses and gave professional training.

Front 58

58. Washington Irving (1783-1859) was one of the most popular early American writers to earn international popularity. Of the following other successful American authors, which one was born in the 18th century?
a. James Fenimore Cooper
b. Nathaniel Hawthorne
c. Herman Melville
d. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
e. Edgar Allan Poe

Back 58

a. James Fenimore Cooper
James Fenimore Cooper

Front 59

59. Which of the following written works did Thomas Paine publish after the American Revolution?
a. Common Sense
b. Rights of Man
c. The Age of Reason
d. (b) and (c)
e. None of the above

Back 59

b. Rights of Man
c. The Age of Reason

Front 60

60. Which of the following is not true about the Second Great Awakening?
a. This movement was a reaction against the Enlightenment emphasis on rationalism.
b. This movement emphasized individualized, personalized, emotional religious faith.
c. This movement was characterized by the participation of large numbers of women.
d. This movement was characterized by the participation of large numbers of blacks.
e. This movement’s individualistic nature contradicted nationalism and expansionism.

Back 60

e. This movement’s individualistic nature contradicted nationalism and expansionism

Front 61

61. Which of the following is not true regarding the situation in the U.S. before and around the presidential election of 1824?
a. The majority of the states had removed property ownership as a prequalification for voting.
b. Free black men did not have access to the polls in Southern states, but most voted in the North.
c. The Massachusetts state constitution set a precedent in liberalizing voting requirements in 1820.
d. Before 1824, there was little interest in national elections, as voters were left out of the process.
e. In 1824, the legislative caucuses that previously made presidential nominations were not used.

Back 61

b. Free black men did not have access to the polls in Southern states, but most voted in the North.

Front 62

62. Which of the following statements is not true about the period from 1829-1841 in America?
a. This period of time was referred to as the “Age of Jackson” and/or the Jacksonian Democracy.
b. Members of the Electoral College were mainly being elected by the state legislatures at this time.
c. Alexis de Tocqueville remarked on America’s “equality of condition” found in no other country.
d. The electorate had become widened by this time so that all white males were able to vote.
e. While more constituents were able to vote in these years, blacks and women were still excluded.

Back 62

b. Members of the Electoral College were mainly being elected by the state legislatures at this time.

Front 63

63. Of the following, who was not a candidate for President of the USA in the 1824 election?
a. Henry Clay
b. William H. Crawford
c. John Quincy Adams
d. John C. Calhoun
e. Andrew Jackson

Back 63

d. John C. Calhoun

Front 64

64. Which party designations are correct relative to the American presidential election of 1828?
a. John Quincy Adams’s party called themselves National Republicans and Andrew Jackson’s party called themselves Democratic Republicans.
b. John Quincy Adams’s party called themselves Democratic Republicans and Andrew Jackson’s party called themselves National Republicans.
c. John Quincy Adams’s party called themselves Democrats and Andrew Jackson’s party called themselves Republicans.
d. John Quincy Adams’s party called themselves Republicans and Andrew Jackson’s party called themselves Democrats.
e. John Quincy Adams’s party and Andrew Jackson’s party both referred to themselves as Republicans.

Back 64

a. John Quincy Adams’s party called themselves National Republicans and Andrew Jackson’s party called themselves Democratic Republicans.

Front 65

65. Who made the speech in 1830 that included the famous expression, “Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”?
a. Henry Clay
b. Andrew Jackson
c. Daniel Webster
d. William Henry Harrison
e. Robert Young Hayne

Back 65

c. Daniel Webster

Front 66

66. Which of the following is not true regarding the Bank of the United States?
a. Andrew Jackson was opposed to the national bank and wanted to eliminate it.
b. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster pushed a bill for early re-charter of the Bank.
c. Congress passed a bill to re-charter the Bank, but Jackson vetoed the bill.
d. In 1832, Jackson redistributed federal funds from the Bank to state/local banks.
e. The recession of 1837 was not Bank-related, but was due to inflation and loose credit. -

Back 66

e. The recession of 1837 was not Bank-related, but was due to inflation and loose credit.

Front 67

67. Which of the following does not accurately describe events in America between 1829 and 1840?
a. President Martin Van Buren convinced Congress to set up an Independent Treasury in 1840 to make up for the demise of the national bank.
b. The Whigs nominated William Henry Harrison, the war hero who defeated the Indians at Tippecanoe, to run for President in 1836 and 1840.
c. William Henry Harrison won the 1836 election, but he died a month after inauguration, making his the shortest term in presidential history.
d. Andrew Jackson’s presidency, or the Age of Jackson, was the start of the two-party political system and conventions, things America still has today.
e. Having visited America to study its prison system, Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville published his book Democracy in America in 1835. -

Back 67

c. William Henry Harrison won the 1836 election, but he died a month after inauguration, making his the shortest term in presidential history.

Front 68

68. Which of the following statements is not true regarding movements toward reform in America during the 1840s?
a. American society was undergoing changes, which made conditions unstable and uncertain.
b. During this period of time, the traditional values of American society were being challenged.
c. The Romantic Movement, a reaction to the Enlightenment, was supportive of reforms.
d. Challenges to tradition brought about a desire for increased stability, order, and control.
e. All of the above statements are true. -

Back 68

e. All of the above statements are true.

Front 69

69. Of the following American authors, which was not from the Southern United States?
a. Edgar Allan Poe
b. William Gilmore Simms
c. Augustus Longstreet
d. Francis Parkman
e. All of the above authors were from the Southern United States. -

Back 69

d. Francis Parkman

Front 70

70. Which of the following utopian communities was considered the earliest commune in America?
a. New Harmony in Indiana
b. Brook Farm in Massachusetts
c. Nashoba near Memphis, Tennessee
d. The Oneida Community in New York
e. The Amana Community in Iowa -

Back 70

b. Brook Farm in Massachusetts

Front 71

71. Which of the following was not a source of social reform in America during the 19th century?
a. The Catholic Church for Irish and German immigrants
b. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormon)
c. The Transcendentalist movement begun in Concord, Massachusetts
d. The Protestant Revivalist movement and its many subsects
e. The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance -

Back 71

a. The Catholic Church for Irish and German immigrants

Front 72

72. Of the following areas that experienced innovations as a result of organized social reform in the 19th century, which one met with the most difficulty in its early years?
a. Higher education
b. Free public schools
c. Mental institutions
d. Prison reforms
e. Abolitionist movement

Back 72

b. Free public schools

Front 73

73. Which of the following did not occur in America between 1790 and 1860?
a. By 1860, the U.S. population was eight times more than in 1790.
b. Birth rates dropped, increasing the median age of the population.
c. Previously high rates of immigration declined during this period.
d. The number of people residing in urban areas increased five-fold.
e. All of the above changes took place in America from 1790 to 1860.

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c. Previously high rates of immigration declined during this period.

Front 74

74. Which of the following was not an immediate effect of rapid urban growth in the 1800s?
a. Poor sanitation conditions in the cities
b. Epidemics of diseases in the cities
c. Inadequate police and fire protection
d. Widespread urban political corruption
e. Inadequate housing and transportation

Back 74

d. Widespread urban political corruption

Front 75

75. Which of the following was not an example of violence in cities that occurred as a result of rapid urbanization in America in the 1830s?
a. Democrats opposed Whigs in New York City so strenuously that the state militia was called in.
b. Both New York City and Philadelphia experienced a series of racial riots during the mid-1830s.
c. A Catholic convent was attacked and plundered by a violent mob in New York City in 1834.
d. There were 115 major incidents of mob violence reported in American cities during the 1830s.
e. All of the above occurred in American cities during the 1830s.

Back 75

e. All of the above occurred in American cities during the 1830s.

Front 76

76. Which of the following is the most accurate description of the relationship between agriculture and industry in the 19th century?
a. With industrial and technological advances, farming was left behind in favor of industrial work.
b. With more urban workers needing food, farming became more important than industrial work.
c. Specialization and mechanization were applied more to agriculture at this time than to industry.
d. The development of both agriculture and industry was helped by technological innovations.
e. Specialization and mechanization were applied more to industry than to agriculture at this time.

Back 76

e. Specialization and mechanization were applied more to industry than to agriculture at this time.

Front 77

77. Which of the following does not accurately describe life in the Northern United States from 1800-1860?
a. By 1860, the production of goods and services increased to twelve times that of 1800.
b. The purchasing power of the average working person increased by 100% during this time.
c. Everyday life became more comfortable thanks to big houses, indoor plumbing, and electricity.
d. For the first time, wage earners outnumbered independent self-employed workers.
e. All of the above statements accurately describe life in the Northern states from 1800-1860.

Back 77

c. Everyday life became more comfortable thanks to big houses, indoor plumbing, and electricity.

Front 78

78. Which of the following statements is not true about the classes in the Southern states from 1800 to 1860?
a. The class of small, independent yeoman farmers represented the largest number of Southern whites.
b. The lowest class of severely poor Southern whites, or “crackers,” numbered around one million.
c. In the planter class, those who owned large farms with 50 or more slaves were a small minority.
d. Three quarters of Southern whites within the planter class did not own any slaves at all.
e. Nearly half of all slave owners owned fewer than six slaves, and 12% owned 20 or more slaves.

Back 78

b. The lowest class of severely poor Southern whites, or “crackers,” numbered around one million.

Front 79

79. Which of the following is true regarding Southern plantation slaves in the U.S. in the 1800s?
a. Whether Southern plantation slaves lived better or worse lives than Northern wage laborers remains a subject of debate among historians.
b. The consensus among historians about this time period is that Southern plantation slaves actually lived better lives than Northern wage laborers.
c. The consensus among historians about this time period is that Southern plantation slaves had worse lives than Northern wage laborers.
d. The lives of Southern plantation slaves were worse than those of comparable slaves who worked in South America during this period.
e. The lives of Southern plantation slaves were worse than those of comparable slaves who worked in the Caribbean during this period.

Back 79

a. Whether Southern plantation slaves lived better or worse lives than Northern wage laborers remains a subject of debate among historians.

Front 80

80. Which of the following statements does not characterize life in the Southern states from 1800-1860?
a. By 1860, half of all illiterate Americans resided in the South.
b. Southerners lived in cabins with one or two rooms, as did Northerners.
c. The staple foods of the Southern diet were corn, sweet potatoes, and pork.
d. Southerners had stopped settling disputes with duels by around 1800.
e. The Southern diet led to vitamin deficiencies, rickets, and pellagra.

Back 80

d. Southerners had stopped settling disputes with duels by around 1800.

Front 81

81. Which of the following was not a Southern reaction to the abolitionist movement?
a. People defended slavery, citing scriptures as justifications.
b. People cited “scientific” evidence of black “inferiority.”
c. Postal services charged extra to deliver anti-slavery mail.
d. All disagreement was squelched, causing a closed society.
e. Narrow mindedness made creative and academic writing wither.

Back 81

c. Postal services charged extra to deliver anti-slavery mail.

Front 82

82. Which of the following is not true of Southern actions in response to the question of slavery in the 1830s?
a. The last major Southern debate on slavery was held in the South Carolina legislature in 1836.
b. After Nat Turner’s rebellion, a big legislative discussion stopped future talk of emancipation.
c. Southerners in the House passed the “gag rule,” banning all talk of slavery on the House floor.
d. John C. Calhoun’s “concurrent majority” would separate North and South with dual presidents.
e. Regular Southern conventions began in 1837 to discuss strategies to avoid Northern dominance.

Back 82

a. The last major Southern debate on slavery was held in the South Carolina legislature in 1836.

Front 83

83. Which of the following statements is incorrect about U.S. westward expansion and Manifest Destiny?
a. The idea that U.S. freedom and values should be shared with, even forced upon, as many people as possible had existed for many years.
b. The term “Manifest Destiny” and the idea it represented had been used for many years prior to the 1830s.
c. Many Americans believed that America as a nation should ultimately be extended to include Canada and Mexico.
d. Increased nationalism after the resolution of the War of 1812 and rapid population growth added to Manifest Destiny.
e. Reform movements and economic growth during the 1830s required markets and resources, which contributed to Manifest Destiny.

Back 83

b. The term “Manifest Destiny” and the idea it represented had been used for many years prior to the 1830s.

Front 84

84. Regarding the Oregon country, in addition to the United States, which of the following other countries had not claimed the territory north of California and west of Louisiana at some point before the 1820s?
a. England
b. Spain
c. France
d. Russia
e. They had all claimed the territory at some point.

Back 84

e. They had all claimed the territory at some point

Front 85

85. Which of the following statements is not true concerning the Whig Party, Henry Clay, and John Tyler?
a. President William Henry Harrison yielded to Henry Clay’s influence to enforce Whig policies.
b. When Harrison died after a month in office, Vice President John Tyler succeeded as President.
c. Whigs chose Tyler to get Southern votes, but he was a constitutionalist in favor of states’ rights.
d. Tyler, influenced by Clay, agreed with most of the Whig policies, but he disagreed with a few.
e. Tyler rejected the Whigs’ whole program, and when Clay pushed it, he vetoed quite a few bills.

Back 85

d. Tyler, influenced by Clay, agreed with most of the Whig policies, but he disagreed with a few.

Front 86

86. Which of the following is incorrect about the Webster-Ashburton Treaty?
a. Britain promised they would not stop or search American ships when patrolling the African coast to prevent the smuggling of slaves.
b. Britain and America arrived at a compromise to settle their conflict over mutual claims on the boundary between Canada and Maine.
c. Britain apologized for Canadian loyalists who burned the American ship the Caroline, which was taking supplies to Canadian rebels.
d. Britain promised not to interfere again as they had with the American ship the Creole by refusing to return slaves who had escaped.
e. Britain and America both agreed to cooperate in the future during their patrols of the African coast to stop the smuggling of slaves.

Back 86

a. Britain promised they would not stop or search American ships when patrolling the African coast to prevent the smuggling of slaves.

Front 87

87. Which of the following statements is not accurate regarding the annexation of Texas and the election of 1844?
a. With no political party, President Tyler sought a following by proposing that Texas be annexed.
b. Mexico threatened to declare war if America annexed Texas because it was a Mexican territory.
c. Expansionist Democrats replaced anti-annexation Van Buren with James Polk at the convention.
d. Whig Henry Clay opposed annexation, but faltered and lost Northern votes to the Liberty Party.
e. When Polk won, lame-duck president Tyler got a joint resolution passed to annex Texas in 1845.

Back 87

b. Mexico threatened to declare war if America annexed Texas because it was a Mexican territory.

Front 88

88. Which of the following was not a factor that contributed to the Mexican War?
a. During its many revolutions, Mexico could not protect American citizens, and did not pay their damages claims.
b. Mexico still resented America’s annexation of Texas to the Union, and regarded it as a hostile action.
c. America claimed the Rio Grande as Texas’s southern border, while Mexico claimed the Nueces River as the border.
d. Mexico was resentful of the American seizure of California in 1842, and was campaigning for its return.
e. Mexican politicians created anti-American bias in the people, so leaders feared revolt for conceding to the U.S.

Back 88

d. Mexico was resentful of the American seizure of California in 1842, and was campaigning for its return.

Front 89

89. Which of the following was not one of the prongs of President Polk’s military strategy in attacking Mexico following the U.S. declaration of war against Mexico in 1846?
a. A land movement to California via New Mexico
b. A movement over the water to invade California
c. A movement over the water to go into Mexico
d. A land movement going south to invade Mexico
e. All of the above were prongs of the attack on Mexico.

Back 89

d. A land movement going south to invade Mexico

Front 90

90. Which of the following battles of the Mexican War was not won by General Zachary Taylor?
a. The Battle of Palo Alto
b. The Battle of Resaca de la Palma
c. The Battle of Monterey
d. The Battle of Buena Vista
e. The Battle of Sacramento

Back 90

e. The Battle of Sacramento

Front 91

91. Who negotiated the treaty that put an end to the Mexican War?
a. USA President James K. Polk
b. State Dept. clerk Nicholas Trist
c. USA General Winfield Scott
d. U.S. Colonel Stephen W. Kearny
e. U.S. Commodore Robert Stockton

Back 91

b. State Dept. clerk Nicholas Trist

Front 92

92. Which of the following is not true about the Compromise of 1850?
a. This eight-part compromise was originally proposed by Henry Clay.
b. John C. Calhoun felt the North must cater to the South and back off slavery.
c. President Taylor opposed it, but his successor Fillmore supported it.
d. Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas got it through Congress piecemeal.
e. Americans reacted ambivalently to it, and many were opposed to it.

Back 92

e. Americans reacted ambivalently to it, and many were opposed to it

Front 93

93. Relative to the election of 1852, which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. The Democratic convention chose Lewis Cass, Stephen Douglas, and Franklin Pierce to run.
b. The Whig Party nominated Gen. Winfield Scott, a hero of the Mexican War but not a politician.
c. Northern and Southern Whigs disagreed over the Compromise of 1850, causing a rift in the party.
d. John P. Hale ran for the Free Soil Party, but had little success as people had tired of slavery issues.
e. Divisiveness in the Whig Party was causing it to fail as a party, making it easier for Pierce to win.

Back 93

a. The Democratic convention chose Lewis Cass, Stephen Douglas, and Franklin Pierce to run.

Front 94

94. Of the following factors that contributed to U.S. economic development in the 1840s and 1850s, which was the most influential?
a. The improvement of water transportation by steamboats on the rivers and clipper ships on the seas
b. The advancement of agriculture in the North through the use of mechanical reapers and threshers
c. The flourishing of agriculture in the Southern states because of their success in farming “King Cotton”
d. The improvement of land transportation via the growth of railroads, which created a nationwide market
e. The textile industry’s factory system, which made use of Howe’s sewing machine and Singer’s improved model

Back 94

d. The improvement of land transportation via the growth of railroads, which created a nationwide market

Front 95

95. Which of the following is not an accurate statement related to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?
a. This bill was introduced by Illinois Senator Stephen A. Douglas to organize land west of Missouri and Iowa.
b. The passage of this act ended the period of sectional peace because of its repeal of the Missouri Compromise.
c. Douglas wanted a repeal of the Missouri Compromise in the act to allow possible slavery in these territories.
d. Douglas wanted to organize these territories to expedite the construction of a transcontinental railroad to benefit Illinois.
e. Whigs and Northern Democrats were against this bill, but Pierce’s mostly Southern administration passed it.

Back 95

c. Douglas wanted a repeal of the Missouri Compromise in the act to allow possible slavery in these territories.

Front 96

96. Which of the following is most accurate regarding how the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act was related to the emergence of the Republican Party?
a. The passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act strengthened the newly established Republican Party.
b. Anger over the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act sparked the formation of the Republicans.
c. The deteriorating Whigs and the divided Democrats allowed Republicans to prevail separately.
d. When the Republican Party formed, it soon became a major political power in North and South.
e. The newly formed Republican Party believed that slavery should be eradicated in all the states.

Back 96

b. Anger over the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act sparked the formation of the Republicans.

Front 97

97. Which of the following statements is false regarding the 1856 Dred Scott case in the Supreme Court?
a. The Supreme Court’s decision in the Dred Scott case definitively resolved the sectional disputes.
b. Scott was advised by abolitionists to sue for his freedom based on living in free areas for years.
c. Initially, the justices of the Supreme Court felt Scott could not sue, as a slave was not a citizen.
d. President-elect James Buchanan wanted the justices to finally settle the slavery controversy.
e. The Supreme Court ruled that Congress and territories did not have the right to ban slavery.

Back 97

a. The Supreme Court’s decision in the Dred Scott case definitively resolved the sectional disputes.

Front 98

98. Which of the following led to the Panic of 1857?
a. Overspeculation in land and railroads
b. Flawed procedures in banking
c. The Crimean War in Europe
d. (a), (b), and (c)
e. None of the above

Back 98

a. Over speculation in land and railroads
b. Flawed procedures in banking
c. The Crimean War in Europe

Front 99

99. Which of the following is not true about the Lincoln-Douglas debates?
a. These debates were held as part of the campaign for Senator from Illinois.
b. The subject matter of the debates revolved around the issue of slavery.
c. Abraham Lincoln’s success in these debates won him the Senate seat.
d. Abraham Lincoln’s success in these debates brought him new fame.
e. Abraham Lincoln’s success made the Republican Party stronger.

Back 99

c. Abraham Lincoln’s success in these debates won him the Senate seat.

Front 100

100. Which of the following states was not one of the original seven to secede from the Union and form the Confederacy?
a. South Carolina
b. Georgia
c. Texas
d. North Carolina
e. Florida

Back 100

d. North Carolina

Front 101

101. Which of the following was not a difference between the Constitution of the Confederate States and the United States Constitution?
a. It was allowed in the Constitution of the Confederate States to impose protective tariffs.
b. Slavery was recognized, and the right to move slaves to other states was guaranteed.
c. The president would serve a six-year term, and this term was not renewable.
d. The president had the right to veto individual items found in appropriations bills.
e. The sovereignty of each of the individual states was recognized specifically.

Back 101

a. It was allowed in the Constitution of the Confederate States to impose protective tariffs.

Front 102

102. Which of the following statements is correct regarding President Buchanan and his role in the secession of the Confederate states from the Union?
a. President Buchanan was a lame-duck president by the time the Confederacy had its constitution.
b. President Buchanan announced that it was unconstitutional for states to secede from the Union.
c. President Buchanan said it was unconstitutional for the federal government to stop state secessions.
d. President Buchanan probably disagreed with the secessions, but did not think he should interfere.
e. All of the above statements are correct.

Back 102

e. All of the above statements are correct.

Front 103

103. Which of the following is not true concerning Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden’s compromise proposals to save the Union during the secessions by southern states?
a. The proposals included an amendment to stop the federal government from interfering with slavery.
b. The proposals included extending the Missouri Compromise line out as far as the Pacific Ocean.
c. The proposals were to protect slavery in all the territories south of the extended compromise line.
d. Discussions broke down even though some Southerners were willing to consider compromising.
e. President-elect Lincoln told Republicans not to accept compromise, but to insist slavery not spread.

Back 103

d. Discussions broke down even though some Southerners were willing to consider compromising.

Front 104

104. Of the following slave states, which seceded from the Union?
a. Delaware
b. Kentucky
c. Tennessee
d. Maryland
e. Missouri

Back 104

c. Tennessee

Front 105

105. Which of the following was not an advantage the North had over the South at the beginning of the Civil War?
a. The North was much wealthier than the South, and could better afford the costs of being at war.
b. The North had more experienced, qualified, and higher-ranking military officers than the South.
c. The North was better developed industrially, and could manufacture the necessary war material.
d. The North had nearly triple the manpower since slaves made up a third of the Southern population.
e. The North had a railroad system that was a great deal better than the South’s smaller railroads.

Back 105

b. The North had more experienced, qualified, and higher-ranking military officers than the South.

Front 106

106. Which of the following statements is least accurate regarding advantages the South had at the beginning of the Civil War?
a. The South was such a geographically large area that it was more of a challenge to defeat.
b. The Southern soldiers had the home advantage of fighting on their own familiar land.
c. The South’s armies had the additional motivation of defending their own families and homes.
d. The South had the major advantage of its armies fighting defensive battles, which was easier.
e. The South had President Jefferson Davis’s military experience, which was superior to Lincoln’s.

Back 106

e. The South had President Jefferson Davis’s military experience, which was superior to Lincoln’s

Front 107

107. Which of the following is not true about the Battle of Shiloh?
a. This battle was the bloodiest battle ever in the history of America up to that point in time.
b. General Beauregard joined General A.S. Johnston and took Ulysses S. Grant by surprise.
c. With other Northern victories, this battle allowed the Union to take all of the Mississippi River.
d. Despite being taken by surprise, Grant was not defeated by Beauregard and Johnston.
e. In this battle that lasted for two days, General A.S. Johnston was killed, along with many others.

Back 107

c. With other Northern victories, this battle allowed the Union to take all of the Mississippi River.

Front 108

108. Which of the following is not a correct statement regarding Britain, France, and Northern diplomacy in the Civil War?
a. Many Southerners thought that Britain and France would be glad the U.S. division weakened it.
b. Many Southerners thought that Britain and France would intervene for the South, needing cotton.
c. Britain had stockpiles of prewar cotton, and they imported it from Indian and Egypt as well.
d. British leaders felt it more important to import Southern cotton than Northern wheat from the U.S.
e. William Seward and Charles Francis Adams convinced Britain to be neutral, and France followed.

Back 108

d. British leaders felt it more important to import Southern cotton than Northern wheat from the U.S.

Front 109

109. Which of the following does not describe how the North and South dealt with the expense of the Civil War?
a. Measures instituted by the South resulted in extreme inflation and then in confiscations.
b. The paper money that the Southern government issued made up for its scarce resources.
c. The North imposed high tariffs and the country’s first income tax to help pay for the war.
d. The North’s Treasury Dept. issued “greenbacks,” which were helped by belief the North would win.
e. The Union passed the National Banking Act in 1863 to increase its available credit.

Back 109

b. The paper money that the Southern government issued made up for its scarce resources.

Front 110

110. Which of the following is not true regarding the Emancipation Proclamation?
a. Overall, the public in the North was enthusiastic about Lincoln’s issuance of the proclamation.
b. Radical Republicans who were abolitionists had been pressuring Lincoln to issue it for some time.
c. This proclamation freed all slaves in areas that were still in rebellion as of January 1, 1863.
d. The North had had many defeats in Virginia, so Seward advised Lincoln to wait for a victory first.
e. Lincoln waited to announce this proclamation until after victory at Antietam on September 17, 1863.

Back 110

a. Overall, the public in the North was enthusiastic about Lincoln’s issuance of the proclamation.

Front 111

111. Which of the following statements is not correct concerning the 1864 election and the end of the Civil War in 1865?
a. By 1864, Jefferson Davis had decided to resort to including blacks in the Confederate armies.
b. Per Jefferson Davis’s decision, freed black slaves were conscripted to the Confederate military.
c. During 1864, people were so tired of the war that even Lincoln felt he would lose the election.
d. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta and his March to the Sea helped Lincoln win the election.
e. Lincoln was assassinated before he could receive news of the North’s final victory in the war.

Back 111

b. Per Jefferson Davis’s decision, freed black slaves were conscripted to the Confederate military.

Front 112

112. Which of the following was not true of Andrew Johnson’s actions for the Reconstruction?
a. Johnson adhered quite closely to the policies of his predecessor, the late Abraham Lincoln.
b. Johnson’s alignment with Lincoln’s policies meant he made some only a little bit stricter.
c. Johnson required that the Thirteenth Amendment officially abolishing slavery be ratified.
d. Johnson required that all of the debts incurred by the Confederacy be paid.
e. Johnson required that secession be renounced, and recommended blacks be given the vote.

Back 112

d. Johnson required that all of the debts incurred by the Confederacy be paid.

Front 113

113. Which of the following is not accurate regarding America’s purchase of Alaska from the Russians?
a. The Russian minister offered to sell Alaska to Secretary of State Seward in 1866.
b. The depletion of most of Alaska’s available fur was a motivation for Russia to sell it.
c. Russians felt they would lose Alaska to Britain in a war, which looked likely then.
d. Seward, a strong expansionist, pushed the USA’s purchase of Alaska through Congress.
e. In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia for a price of $5.5 million.

Back 113

e. In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia for a price of $5.5 million.

Front 114

114. Resistance in some Southern states to President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan took all except which of the following forms?
a. Refusing to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment
b. Refusing to renounce the Confederates’ debt
c. Refusing to pass black codes on freed slaves
d. Refusing to grant voting privileges to blacks
e. Electing many past Confederates to Congress

Back 114

c. Refusing to pass black codes on freed slaves

Front 115

115. Which of the following is not true about the 1868 election and the Fifteenth Amendment?
a. Due to his record as a Civil War hero, Ulysses S. Grant won the election by a landslide.
b. When the Republican Convention met in 1868, it was controlled by the Radicals.
c. The platform of the Republicans in 1868 recommended Radical Reconstruction.
d. Implications of election voting led Republicans to draw up the 15th Amendment.
e. Ratification by Southern states forced by Congress won the amendment approval.

Back 115

a. Due to his record as a Civil War hero, Ulysses S. Grant won the election by a landslide.

Front 116

116. Which of the following is not an accurate description of an outcome of the Reconstruction?
a. Corrupt political machines rose to power in both the North and South.
b. Property values in the South were reduced to half of prewar levels.
c. Southerners were distressed by the presence of the carpetbaggers.
d. Southerners were consternated by the existence of the scalawags.
e. The Ku Klux Klan used violence to stop pro-Reconstruction votes.

Back 116

b. Property values in the South were reduced to half of prewar levels.

Front 117

117. Which of the following was not one of the scandals associated with corruption that existed during Grant’s presidency?
a. The Black Friday Scandal
b. The Salary Grab
c. The Whiskey Ring Fraud
d. The bribing of Belknap
e. All of the above scandals occurred during Grant’s presidency.

Back 117

e. All of the above scandals occurred during Grant’s presidency.

Front 118

118. Which of the following is true about economic issues during U.S. Grant’s presidency?
a. Economic conservatives, business owners, and creditors were in favor of inflation.
b. People who had financial debts were more in favor of the deflation of currency.
c. The demonetization of silver by Congress in 1873 upset those favoring deflation.
d. Those favoring deflation wanted a return to the gold standard and no greenbacks.
e. The Specie Resumption Act of 1875 favored greenbacks over the gold standard.

Back 118

d. Those favoring deflation wanted a return to the gold standard and no greenbacks.

Front 119

119. Which of the following is incorrect concerning the election of 1876?
a. Democrats nominated Samuel J. Tilden, Governor of New York.
b. Democratic candidate Samuel J. Tilden had defeated the Tweed machine.
c. Democrats and Republicans were fraudulent, and so were both candidates.
d. Ohio Governor Rutherford B. Hayes was the selection of the Republicans.
e. Republican manipulations of the congressional commission got Hayes elected.

Back 119

d. Ohio Governor Rutherford B. Hayes was the selection of the Republicans.

Front 120

120. Which of the following statements is not true of the Compromise of 1877?
a. It was a response to a threat made by incensed Democrats in Congress.
b. It modified Reconstruction to appease both Republicans and Democrats.
c. Hayes promised he would take Southerners’ interests into consideration.
d. Hayes promised he would remove all the federal troops left in the South.
e. Hayes agreed to end Reconstruction if Democrats accepted his election.

Back 120

b. It modified Reconstruction to appease both Republicans and Democrats.