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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Florence Nightingale (1860)
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meeting the personal needs of the patient within the enviornment
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concern for the enviornment of the patient, including cleanliness, ventilation, temperature, light, diet, and noise
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Hildegard Peplau (1952)
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nursing is a theraputic, interpersonal, and goal-orientated process
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Nursing interventions are directed toward developing the patient's personality for productive personal and community living
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Virginia Henderson (1955)
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the patient is an individual who requires help to reach independence
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nursing practice is independent; autonomous nursing functions are identified, and self-help concepts are described
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Faye Abdullah (1960)
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nursing is a problem solving art and science used to identify the nursing problems of the patients as they move toward health and cope with illness-related health needs
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the 21 nursing-care problems identified were based on research and can be used to determine patient needs and formlate nursing-focused care
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Ida Jean Orlando (1961)
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the nurse reacts to the patient's verbal and nonverbal expression of needs both to understand the meaning of the distress and to know what is needed to alleviate it
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uses the nursing process to provide solutions to problems as well as to prevent problems
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Ernestine Wiedenbach (1964)
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nursing as an art; nursing is providing nurturing care to patients
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clinical nursing includes a philosophy, a purpose, the practice, and the art. care is directed toward a specific purpose to meet the patient's perceived healthcare needs
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Lydia E. Hall (1966)
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a focus on rehabilitation, ecompassing nursing's autonomy, is therapeutic use of self, treatment, withing the healthcare team (cure), and nurturing (care)
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the major outcome of nursing care is rehabilitation and feelings of self-actualization by the patient
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Myra E. Levine (1967)
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emphasis is on the ill person in the healthcare setting; describes detailed nursing skills and actions
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the patient is the center of nursing activities, with nursing care provided based on four conservation principles to help patients adapt to their enviornment
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Martha Rogers (1970)
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emphasis on the science and art of nursing, with the unitary human being central to the discipline of nursing
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nursing interventions are directed toward repatterning human environment fields or assisting in mobilizing inner resources
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Dorothea Orem (1971)
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self-care is a human need, self-care deficits require nursing actions
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nursing is a human service, and nurses design interventions to provide or to manage self-care actions for sustaining health or recovering from illness or injury
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Imogene King (1971)
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the patient is a personal system within a social system; the nurse and the patient experience each other and the situation, act and react, and transact
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nursing is a process of human interactions as nurses and patients communicate to mutually set goals, and explore and agree on the means to reach those goals
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Betty Newman (1972)
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humans are in constant relationship with stressors in the environment
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the major concern for nursing is keeping the client system stable through accurately assessing the effects of environmenta; stressprs and in assisting client adjustments required for optimal wellness
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Sr. Callista Roy (1974)
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humans are biopsychosocial beings existing within an environment. needs are created within interrelated adaptive modes; physiological self-concept, role function, and interdependence
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nursing interventions are required when individuals demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses
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Madeline Leininger (1978)
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caring is the central theme of nursing care, nursing knowledge, and nursing practice
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provides the foundation of transcultural nursing care. caring improves human conditions and life processes
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Jean Watson (1979)
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nursing is concerned with promoting and restoring health, preventing illness, and caring for the sick
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clinical nursing care is holistic to promote humanism, health, and quality of living. caring is universal and is practiced through interpersonal relationships
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Margaret A. Newman (1979)
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nursing interventions are purposeful, using a total-person approach to patient care to help individuals, families, and groups attain and maintain wellmess
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nursing care is directed toward reducing stress factors and adverse conditions that increase the risk for or actually affect optimal patient functions
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Dorothy E. Johnson (1980)
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nursing problems arise when there are disturbances in the system or subsystem or the level of behavioral functioning is below an optimal level
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nursing interventions are designed to support/maintain, educate, counsel, and modify behavior
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Rosemarie Parse (1981)
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the individual continually interacts with the environment and participates in maintaining health
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health is a continual, open process (rather than an absence of illness), with nursing care planned based on the patient's perspective of health and care
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Nola Pender (1982)
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the goal of nursing is the optimal health of the individual, with a focus on how individuals make healthcare decisions
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factors significant to health-promoting behaviors include an individual's beliefs about the importance of health, the perceived benefits of, and perceived barriers to those behaviors. participation in health-promoting behaviors is modified by one's demographic and biologic characteristics, interpersonal influences, and situational and behavioral factors
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Patricia Benner & Judith Wrubel (1989)
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nursing practice within a context of caring and skill development. caring is a common bond of persons situated in a state of being that is essential to nursing
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a systematic description of stages of nursing practice: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert
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