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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
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Normal Na
135-150
Daily Na requirement
1-2 mEq/kg./d
Normal K
3.5-5
Daily K requirement
.5-.8 mEq/kg/d
Daily fluid req for an adult? For kids?
Adult ~ 30ml/kg/d
Kid 100/50/20 rule
Sx of hypoNa
increased DTRs, seizure, coma
Sx of hyperNa
dehydration sx, restlessness, seizure, coma
Sx of hypoK
weakness, parasthesias, decreased DTRs, impaired renal tubular fn --> polyuria
U waves, flattened T, long PR
3 things that make hypoK worse
alkalosis, hypoCa, digoxin
Sx of hyperK
weakness, peaked T waves, complete heart block --> vfib
Rx of hyperK
calcium gluconate for cardioprotection (doesn't change K level), insulin + glucose, bicarb to alkalinize blood, kayexalate (takes a while)
Sx of hypoCa
tingling, numbness, cramps
Trousseau + Chvostek
Long QT
How does pH affect Ca?
Acidosis increases ionic Ca --> no sx even at low Ca
Alkalosis increases bound Ca --> can have sx of hypoCa even at "normal" Ca levels
Sx of hyperCa
weakness, fatigue, N/V, short QT, kidney stones,
Nl Ca levels
8-11
Sx of hypoMg
non-specific --> cramps, tetany, arrhythmias
What other abns are assc with hypoMg
hypoK
hypoCa
Sx of hyperMg
hypotn, brady, paralysis
Sx of hypoP
osteomalacia, cardiomyopathy, prox muscle weakness
HypoP can cause what 2 other electrolyte abns?
hypoK
hypoMg
change in pH with 10mmHg PaCO2 change
0.08 in opposite direction
change in pH with 10 change in bicarb
0.15 in same direction