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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MOA of lispro
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Short-acting insulin
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MOA of aspart
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Short-acting insulin
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T/F: Regular insulin is considered long-acting
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False. It is short acting
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MOA of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)
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Intermediate-acting insulin
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MOA of glargine
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Long-acting insulin
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MOA of detemir
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Long-acting insulin
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Actions of insulin on liver, muscle and fat
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Increased glycogen synthesis in liver; increase glycogen and protein synthesis in muscle; TG storage in fats; K uptake by muscle
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What diabetic drug is a biguanide?
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Metformin
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These are the first generation sulfonylureas
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Tolbutamide, chlorpropamide
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These are the second generation sulfonylureas
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Glyburide, glimepiride, glipizide
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MOA of sulfonylureas
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Close K channel in beta cells of pancreas, causing Ca influx and insulin release
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These diabetic drugs are useless in type 1 diabetes
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Sulfonylureas
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Side effects of first generation sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, chlorpropamide)
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Disulfiram-like effects
(avoid EtOH) |
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Side effects of second generation sulfonylureas (glyburide, glimepride, glipizide)
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Hypoglycemia
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MOA of metformin
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Unknown. Overall it acts as an insulin sensitizer. It is thought to decrease gluconeogenesis
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Unlike sulfonylureas, this drug is not useless in type 1 diabetics because it does not require functioning islet cells
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Metformin
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Side effect of metformin
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Lactic acidosis
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These are the glitazones
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Pioglitazone, rosiglitazone
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MOA of glitazones
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Sensitizes cells to insulin (like adiponectin, metformin)
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Side effects of glitazones
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Weight gain, edema, hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity
(cells are sensitized to insulin) |
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MOA of acarbose
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Brush border alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
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MOA of miglitol (like acarbose)
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Brush border alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
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Side effects of acarbose and miglitol
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GI upset
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MOA of pramlintide
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Decreases glucagon release
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MOA of exenatide
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Increase insulin release, decrease glucagon release
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This drug is thought to cause pancreatitis
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Exenatide (GLP-1 mimetic)
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This drug is a GLP-1 mimetic (GLP-1 is a gut hormone that precipitate insulin release in response to blood glucose)
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Exenatide
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This drug is an oral hypoglycemic
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Metformin (most others are injectibles)
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