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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Parameters are |
characteristics of an identified population. always percentages or means. always obtainable in practice. characteristics of a given sample. |
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To ensure an unbiased estimate of a ___(1)___, we must ___(2)____. To ensure a ___(3)___ estimate, we must ___(4)___.Which sequence of words best completes the statement? |
1) parameter,2) randomly sample,3) precise,4) increase the sample size. 1) statistic,2) conduct a study,3) parameter,4) randomly sample. 1) statistic,2) increase the sample size,3) causal,4) conduct a study. 1) parameter,2) conduct a study,3) causal,4) randomly sample. |
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What is the name of the pattern of values that a statistic takes whenever we sample repeatedly from the same population? |
histogram sampling error parameter distribution sampling distribution |
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A drug called Ritalin is often used to treat Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) children. To evaluate the effectiveness of the drug, a psychiatrist randomly assigned 2,000 ADD children into two groups: a treatment group who receives an injection of Ritalin and a control group who receives an injection of saline solution. One hour after receiving the injection from the psychiatrist, the same psychiatrist evaluated the distractibility of each child. In the study, what is the target population? |
all children. all children who take Ritalin. all children with ADD who take Ritalin. all children with ADD. |
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You are studying the entire population of a town. Which of the following would be a source of sampling error?(In other words, all of the following are sources of NON-sampling errors, EXCEPT: |
Incorrectly recorded responses. Poorly worded questions. Choosing the sample from a phone book. Accidentally throwing away several returned surveys. |
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Sampling distributions for the median follow all the rules listed below but one. Which one is NOT true? |
Sampling distributions differ as sample sizes change. Sampling distributions get narrower with increasing sample size. Sampling distributions are typically bell-shaped. Sampling distributions are centered over the parameter estimate. |
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In scientific research, we use a statistic to ____(1)_____ a _____(2)______. By doing so, we want to make an _____(3)_______ from a ____(4)____ to a population. |
1) estimate,2) parameter,3) inference,4) sample. 1) estimate,2) sample,3) inference,4) statistic. 1) infer,2) population,3) estimate,4) sample. 1) infer,2) parameter,3) estimate,4) sample. |
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What of the following words best describes a sampling distribution? |
A statistical distribution of population parameters A pattern of values that best describes the distribution of a population parameter A collection of people from a population A distribution of a statistic from many samples from the same population |
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Suppose we wish to estimate the percentage of students who speed while driving. We choose to take samples from the University of Texas (population of 50,000) and the University of Oklahoma (population of 20,000). The President of each University decides to randomly select 10% of the entire student population for the study. The margin of error for this simple random sample of the population of students at each school will be |
Smaller at UT than at OU. Smaller at OU than at UT. The same at both schools. Not enough information given to determine the answer. |
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A Gallup Poll recently suggested that 90% of Americans believed that Bill Clinton is a real fun guy. The poll contacted n=450 adults by telephone. What is the estimated margin of error for this poll - rounded to the nearest percentage? |
6% 4% 3% 5% |
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Suppose we have the results of a Norman Transcript survey which asks participants' opinions regarding their attitudes toward OU. Based on 400 interviews, the Transcript reports that 7% of Norman citizens can't stand the University. How should the transcript report the results?
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We can be 5% confident that the percent of Norman citizens who can't stand OU is 5% +/- 7%. We can be 95% confident that the percent of Norman citizens who can't stand OU is 5% +/- 7%. Correct Response We can be 95% confident that the percent of Norman citizens who can't stand OU is 7% +/- 5%. We can be 5% confident that the percent of Norman citizens who can't stand OU is 7% +/- 5%. |
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Statistics is best described as
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Correct Response the science of learning from data. the science of developing numerical formulas for data analysis. the science of applying numbers to get answers. the science of quantifying people. |
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Which of the following is a limitation to the 1988 Physicians Health Study on aspirins and heart attacks?
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The sample was not very representative of the broader population. The sample size was too small. Participants were blind to the condition they were assigned. Cause-and-effect conclusions were not justified based on the design of the study. |
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In the Millionaire example, what is the important statistical idea that explains the results?
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Personal experience is often biased Data shows that most millionaires make less than 120,000 dollars. Even with little direct experience, a sample of people will make accurate judgments about millionaires. Data show that most millionaires drive expensive cars |
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Statistical methods are often used for
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making difficult decisions under uncertainty. deciding the validity of two competing arguments. helping accountants track corporate expenses Two of the above are true. All of the above are true. |
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Suppose that our population of interest is all OU students. Which of the following samples is most likely to do an inadequate job of representing the population we wish to study?
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OU students attending a Monday night psychology class. OU seniors who have applied for graduation. OU students who have an OU email address |
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I measure height (to the nearest foot between 4 and 7 feet- e.g. 4,5,6, or 7 feet), weight (to the nearest 20 pounds between 100 and 200 pounds - eg. 100, 120, 140, etc.), sex (M and F), and religious identity (Christian or non-Christian). How many variables have I measured?Correct Response 4 14 6 12 |
4 14 6 12 |
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Which of the following statements is true? |
In the real world, a census almost always includes every member of the population. A census is usually more precise than a sample. Censuses are preferable to samples. Though time consuming, censuses are relatively inexpensive to conduct. |
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In 2004, a random sample of 500 voters the night before the election showed Bush with 50% of the vote and Kerry with 42% of the vote. What can we say about the poll?
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Results are too close to conclude anything. There was an 8% difference in the population. Who are Bush and Kerry? Bush was heavily favored to win the election. |
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Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding a confidence statement?
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Scientists prefer to use a 95% level of confidence To be more confident, we should accept a larger margin of error or get a bigger sample Confidence refers to our confidence in the specific sample result Our conclusion is usually stated with some degree of uncertainty |
