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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are Stats? |
A branch of mathematics that is concerned with data. |
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Data |
A set of information. |
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What does data specifically do? |
Collection, organization, Analysis, Interpretation, Presentation |
COAIP |
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Descriptive stata |
Summarize data by describing the quantitative characteristics of the data - calculating median, average etc. |
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Inferential stats |
Used to make conclusions about the data which are not directly observable in the dataset - comparing cholesterol level between a group of men and group of women to see if they are diff. |
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Experimental units |
Individuals who are studied. |
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Outcome or response |
What is measured on each experimental unit. |
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Treatments |
Procedures applied to each experimental unit. |
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Randomized experiment |
A study in which the investigator assigns the treatments to the experimental units at random. |
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Observational study |
One in which the assignment to treatment groups is not made by the investigator. |
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Double-blind experiments |
Neither the investigators nor the subjects know who has been assigned to which treatment. |
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Cohort studies |
A group of subjects is studied to determine whether various factors of interest are associated with an outcome. |
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Prospective cohort study |
Where the subjects are followed over time. |
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Cross-sectional cohort study |
Measurements are taken at one point in time. |
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Case-control study |
Two samples are drawn 1. One sample consists of people who have the disease 2. One sample consists of the people who don’t. |
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Population |
The entire collection of individuals about which information is sought. |
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Sample |
A subset of a population, containing the individuals that are actually observed. |
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Simple random sample |
Similar to a lottery, 10,000 tickets are sold, 5 are drawn as winning tickets. |
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Sample of convenience |
Sample that is not drawn by a well-defined random method. |
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Stratified random sampling |
The population is divided up into groups, called strata, then a simple random sample is drawn from each stratum. |
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Cluster sampling |
Items are drawn from the population in groups or clusters. |
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Systematic sampling |
Items are ordered and every kth item is chosen to be included in the sample. K - population size/sample size |
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Voluntary response sampling |
Often used by the medics to try to engage the audience. |
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Ordinal variables |
Natural ordering |
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Nominal variables |
No natural ordering |
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Discrete variables |
Quantitative variables whose possible values can be listed. |
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Continuous variables |
Quantitative variables that can take on any value in some interval. |
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