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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Jewish People worldwide
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The worldwide Jewish population is 13.3 million
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Jewish People worldwide
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Jewish population growth worldwide is close to zero percent. From 2000 to 2001 it rose 0.3%, compared to worldwide population growth of 1.4%.
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Jewish People worldwide
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About 37% (5 million) of worldwide Jewry lives in Israel. Just about half of the world’s Jews reside in the Americas, with about 46 % in North America.
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Jewish People worldwide
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The world's largest Jewish cities / regions:
Tel Aviv: 2.5 million Jews New York: 1.9 million Haifa 655,000 Los Angeles 621,000 Jerusalem 570,000 Southeast Florida 514,000 |
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Immigration
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1. Before 19 century: mostly Sephardic Jews.
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Immigration
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1. Before 19 century: mostly Sephardic Jews.
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Immigration
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2. By the mid 19th century: Ashkenazi Jews, almost exclusively from German; more prosperous and better educated, represented the first mass Jewish immigration - groups of entire families coming from a single locality or community.
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Immigration
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3. 1880-1920: of Jewish immigration was the most significant – in numbers, cultural influence, work contributions, and dominant group reaction.
More than 3 millions Russian immigrants arrived to the U.S. 43% were Jewish. |
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Immigration
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In-group reaction: The earlier arrivals consider themselves superior to the newcomers. For some Jewish ethnics the distinctions based on place of origin and time of arrival in the U.S.
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Immigration
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After the Romans destroyed the Temple in Jerusalem in the first century AD, Jews fled in a Diaspora to many lands particularly Southern and Eastern Europe.
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Jews in Christian Europe
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Jews were heavily persecuted in Christian Europe after 1300. Since they were the only people allowed to lend money for interest (forbidden to Catholics by the church), some Jews became prominent moneylenders. Jews were frequently massacred and exiled from various European countries; they were expelled from German, France, Austria, Spain, etc. Many of the expelled Jews fled to Poland.
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Jews in Christian Europe
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Jewish People ended up concentrated in Poland and The Pale area of Western Russia.
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The Pale of Settlement
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The Pale of Settlement was the term given to a region of Imperial Russia, along its western border, in which permanent residence of Jews was allowed, and beyond which Jewish residence was prohibited. It extended from the pale, or demarcation line, to the Russian border with Germany and Austria-Hungary.
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The Pale of Settlement
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The Pale of Settlement was established in 1791 as a territory for Russian Jews to live, created under pressure to rid Moscow of Jewish business competition and "evil" influence on the Russian masses.
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The Pale of Settlement
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More than 90% of Russian Jews were forced to live in the poor conditions of the Pale, which made up only 4% of imperial Russia.
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The Pale of Settlement
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Even within the Pale, Jews were discriminated against; they paid double taxes, were forbidden to lease land, run taverns or receive higher education.
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Pogroms
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Jews in Russia and Poland were driven into ghettos, and subject to violent mob attacks called pogroms, that the authorities had a hand in, but also tried to keep control over.
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Pogroms
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Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire, in particular, those of the late 19th century in what today is Ukraine (in 1881, there was the largest one), gave rise to the international pogroms as a reference to large-scale, targeted, and repeated anti-Semitic rioting.
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Pogroms
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This lead many Jews to flee to the USA, England and Canada in the late 19th century.
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Voyage of St Louis
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After Cuba denied entry to the passengers on the St. Louis, the press throughout Europe and the Americas, including the United States, brought the story to millions of readers throughout the world.
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Voyage of St Louis
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On May 13, 1939, the German transatlantic liner St. Louis sailed from Hamburg, Germany, for Havana, Cuba.
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Voyage of St Louis
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On the voyage were 938 passengers, one of whom was not a refugee. Almost all were Jews fleeing from the Third Reich. Most were German citizens, some were from Eastern Europe, and a few were officially "stateless."
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Voyage of St Louis
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Following the U.S. government's refusal to permit the passengers to disembark, the St. Louis sailed back to Europe on June 6, 1939.
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Factors, contributed to success
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Because of generations of discrimination in Europe, they had been relegated to self-sustaining occupations as merchant, scholar, self-employed artisan. Thus they brought with them skills and knowledge useful in industrial society.
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Factors, contributed to success
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Their values encouraged different gratification, seriousness of purposes, patience, perseverance – precisely the virtues stressed by the protestant ethics.
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Factors, contributed to success
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The tradition of emphasis on leaning and the discipline of study.
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Factors, contributed to success
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During the great migration most Jews came with their entire families, that gave them greater emotional stability and advantage in cooperative economic efforts.
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