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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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dyad
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group consisting of exactly 2 members
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triad
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group consisting of 3 members
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triadic segregation
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the tendency for triads to separate into a pair and an isolate
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group size effects
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the effects of group number on group behavior independent of the personality characteristics of the members themselves
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primary group
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a group consisting of intimate, face-to-face interaction and relatively long lasting relationships
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secondary groups
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those that are larger in membership, less intimate, and less long-lasting
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expressive needs
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intimacy, companionship, and emotional support
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instrumental needs
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task oriented needs
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reference group
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those to which you may or may not belong but use as a standard for evaluating your values, attitudes, and behaviors
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attribution theory
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the principle that we all make inferences about the personalities of others, such as concluding what the other is "really like"
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attribution error
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errors made in attributing causes for people's behavior or membership in a particular group
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social network
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set of links between individuals, between groups, or between other social units
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groupthink
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tendency for group members to reach a consensus opinion, even if that decision is downright stupid
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risky shift
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the general tendency for groups to be more risky than individuals taken singly
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deindividuation
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the sense that one's self has merged with the group
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formal organization
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large secondary group, highly organized to accomplish a complex task or tasks and to achieve goals efficiently
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normative organizations
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pursue goals they consider worthwhile
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coercive organizations
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characterized by membership that is largely involuntary
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total institution
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an organization that is cut off from the rest of society and one in which resident individuals are subject to strict social control
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utilitarianism
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large organizations that individuals join for specific purposes
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bureaucracy
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type of formal organization characterized by an authority hierarchy, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality
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What are the characteristics of a bureaucracy?
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1. High degree of division of labor and specialization.
2. Hierarchy of authority 3. Rules and regulations 4. Impersonal relationships 5. Career Ladders 6. Efficiency |
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McDonaldization
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When the problems of bureaucracy can have effects on the total society
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What are the 4 dimensions of the McDonaldization process?
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1. Efficiency
2. Calculability 3. Predictability 4. Control |
