Chapter 4 Sociology

Front 1

Socialization

Back 1

the process through which people learn the expectations of society

Front 2

roles

Back 2

expected behavior associated with a given status in society

Front 3

internalization

Back 3

occurs when behaviors and assumptions are learned so thoroughly that people no longer question them

Front 4

social control

Back 4

the process by which groups and individuals within these groups are brought into conformity with dominant social expectations

Front 5

socialization agents

Back 5

people, sources, or structures that pass on social expectations

Front 6

peers

Back 6

those with whom you interact on equal terms

Front 7

creationism

Back 7

set of beliefs that largely reject the theory of human biological evolution

Front 8

psychoanalytic theory

Back 8

depicts the human psyche in three parts: id, ego, superego

Front 9

id

Back 9

deep drives and impulses

Front 10

superego

Back 10

dimension of the self that represents the standards of society

Front 11

ego

Back 11

the seat of reason and common sense

Front 12

social learning theory

Back 12

the formation of identity is a learned response to external social stimuli

Front 13

self

Back 13

what we imagine we are

Front 14

looking glass self

Back 14

a person's conception of self arises through considering our relationships to others

Front 15

taking the role of the other

Back 15

the process of putting oneself into the point of view of another

Front 16

imitation stage

Back 16

children merely copy the behavior of those around them

Front 17

play stage

Back 17

children begin to take on the roles of significant people in their lives

Front 18

significant others

Back 18

those with whom one has close affiliation

Front 19

game stage

Back 19

children become capable of taking on multiple roles at the same time

Front 20

generalized other

Back 20

the abstract composite of social roles and social expectations

Front 21

life course

Back 21

perspective to describe and analyze the connection between people's personal attributes, the roles they occupy, the life events they experience, and the social and historical aspects of these events

Front 22

adult socialization

Back 22

involves learning behaviors and attitudes appropriate to specific situations and roles

Front 23

anticipatory socialization

Back 23

the learning of expectations associated with a role a person expects to enter in the future

Front 24

age stereotypes

Back 24

preconceived judgements about what different age groups are like

Front 25

age prejudice

Back 25

negative attitude about an age group that is generalized to all people in that group

Front 26

age discrimination

Back 26

different and unequal treatment of people based solely on their age

Front 27

age stratification

Back 27

the hierarchical ranking of different age groups in society

Front 28

age cohort

Back 28

an aggregate group of people born during the same period

Front 29

disengagement theory

Back 29

as people age they gradually withdraw from participation in society and are simultaneously relieved of responsibilities

Front 30

rite of passage

Back 30

ceremony or ritual that marks the transition of an individual from one role to another

Front 31

resocialization

Back 31

process by which existing social roles are radically altered or replaced

Front 32

Stockholm Syndrome

Back 32

when a captured person identifies with their captor under severe captivity and deprivation