Sociology Chapter 1

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Social context

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physical and social setting in which people live or in which something happens or develops.

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Social location

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that is defined by their gender, race, social class, age, ability, religion, sexual orientation, and geographic location.

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Social imagination

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the vivid awareness of the relationship between personal experience and the wider societ

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Social Darwinism

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Social Darwinism is a modern name given to various theories of society that emerged in the United Kingdom, North America, and Western Europe in the 1870s, which claim to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics.

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Herbert Spencer

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For many, the name of ---------------- would be virtually synonymous with Social Darwinism, a social theory that

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Karl Marx

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was a philosopher, economist, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. Born in Germany, he later became stateless and spent much of his life in London in the United Kingdom.

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Emile Durkheim

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was a French sociologist, social psychologist and philosopher. He formally established the academic discipline and — with Karl Marx and Max Weber —

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Protestant ethic

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is a concept in theology, sociology, economics and history which emphasizes that hard work and frugality are a result of a person's salvation in the Protestant faith, particularly in Calvinism, in contrast to the focus upon religious attendance

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Jane Addams

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was a pioneer American settlement social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women's suffrage and world peace.

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Symbolic interaction

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Symbolic interactionism is a sociological perspective that is influential in many areas of the sociological discipline

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Latent functions

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any function of an institution or other social phenomenon that is unintentional and often unrecognized

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Conflict theory

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is a Marxist-based social theory which argues that individuals and groups (social classes) within society have differing amounts of material and non-material resources (such as the wealthy vs. the poor) and that the more powerful groups use their power in order to exploit groups with less power.

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Rapport

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a close and harmonious relationship in which the people or groups concerned understand each other's feelings or ideas and communicate well.

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Validity

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n science and statistics, s the extent to which a concept, conclusion or measurement is well-founded and corresponds accurately to the real world.

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Pure sociology

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Like rational choice theory, conflict theory, or functionalism, ------------ is a sociological paradigm — a strategy for explaining human behavior.

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Plagiarism

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.