Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
William James’s (1890) two aspects of the self |
- Can’t introspect on most “I” processes
- Represents knowledge about ourselves - The term “self-concept” usually refers to the “me” self |
|
Self-content/self-structure |
|
|
Interpersonal self |
|
|
Executive self |
How do I choose between alternatives? |
|
Endowment effect |
we value things more simply because they belong to us |
|
Name-letter effect |
we prefer the letters in our names, especially our initials |
|
Self-reference effect |
we have better memory for things that relate to ourselves |
|
Self-Concept |
|
|
Self-Structure |
|
|
Multiple Selves |
|
|
How is self-content measured? |
|
|
Introspection |
- Difficult and often incorrect |
|
“Affective forecasting” |
Predicting how you will feel about a good or bad event in the future |
|
Gilbert et al. (1998) |
|
|
Self-perception |
We infer our own attitudes and feelings from attributions of our own behavior |
|
Self-perception theory (Bem, 1972) |
|
|
Two-factor theory of emotion (Schachter & Singer, 1962) |
|
|
Interpersonal Self |
|
|
Looking Glass Self |
|
|
Self-presentation |
trying to convey specific information about the self to others |
|
Self-Handicapping |
To help make favorable impressions, people sometimes deliberately put barriers in their way |
|
Self-Esteem |
How we feel about ourselves |
|
State self-esteem |
A state of mind that fluctuates |
|
Global self-esteem |
Relatively stable across self-concepts and time |
|
Sociometer Hypothesis Leary (1990) |
|
|
Better than average effect |
We see ourselves as “better than average” on any attribute that is subjective, socially desirable, and common |
|
Executive self |
Self’s ability to make decisions, initiate actions, and exert control over the environment |
|
Balance theory |
|
|
Three possible responses to imbalance |
|
|
Persuasion |
the process of trying to change someone else’s attitude by means of a direct message or communication |
|
Source factors |
Expertise, trustworthiness, celebrity status, likability, attractiveness, multiple sources |
|
Message factors |
Length, repetition, vividness, imagery, humor, self-referencing, emotion |
|
Recipient factors |
Positive mood (e.g., make people happy, or market in places that make people happy) |
|
What determines the route? |
- Recipient’s motivation and ability to think carefully |
|
Motivation |
|
|
Ability |
|