Social Psychology Ch 9

Front 1

Group

Back 1

Two or more people who interact and are interdependent in the sense that their needs and goals cause them to influence each other

Front 2

Social Roles

Back 2

Shared expectation in a group about how particular people are supposed to behave

Front 3

Group Cohesiveness

Back 3

Qualities of a group that bind members together and promote liking between members

Front 4

Social Facilitation

Back 4

The tendency for people to do better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when they are in the presence of others and their individual performance can be evaluated

Front 5

Social Loafing

Back 5

The tendency of people to do worse on simple tasks but better on complex tasks when they are in the presence of others and their individual performance cannot be evaluated

Front 6

Deindividuation

Back 6

The loosening of normal constraints on behavior when people are in a crowd, leading to an increase in impulsive and deviant acts

Front 7

Process Loss

Back 7

Any aspect of group interaction that inhibits good problem solving

Front 8

Transactive Memory

Back 8

The combined memory of two people that is more efficient that the memory of either individual

Front 9

Groupthink

Back 9

A kind of thinking in which maintaining group cohesiveness and solidarity is more important that considering the facts in a realistic manner

Front 10

Group Polarization

Back 10

The tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members

Front 11

Great Person Theory

Back 11

The idea that certain key personality trains make a person a good leader, regardless of the situation

Front 12

Contingency Theory of Leadership

Back 12

The idea that leadership effectiveness depends both on how task-oriented or relationship-oriented the leader is and on the amount of control and influence the leader has over the group

Front 13

Task-Oriented Leader

Back 13

A leader who is concerned more with getting the job done than with workers’ feelings and relationships

Front 14

Relationship-Oriented Leader

Back 14

A leader who is concerned primarily with workers’ feeling and relationships

Front 15

Social Dilemma

Back 15

A conflict in which the most beneficial action for an individual will, if chosen by most people, have harmful effects on everyone

Front 16

Tit-For-Tat Strategy

Back 16

A means of encouraging cooperation by at first acting cooperatively but then always responding the way your opponent did (cooperatively or competitively) on the previous trail

Front 17

Public Goods Dilemma

Back 17

A social dilemma in which individuals must contribute to a common pool in order to maintain the public good

Front 18

Commons Dilemma

Back 18

A social dilemma in which everyone takes form a common pool of goods that will replenish itself if used in moderation but will disappear if overused

Front 19

Negotiations

Back 19

A form of communication between opposing sides in a conflict in which offers and counteroffers are made and a solution occurs only when both parties agree

Front 20

Integrative Solution

Back 20

A solution to a conflict whereby the parties make trade-offs on issues according to their different interests; each side concedes the most on issues that are unimportant to it but important to the other sides