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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is social psychology? |
How we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Explains why the same person will act differently in different situations |
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What is attribution theory? |
Attributing Behavior to a person's stable and enduring traits (dispositional/ internal)
or to the situation (external) |
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What is fundamental attribution error? |
The tendency to over attribute others behavior to internal factors |
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What is Peripheral Route Persuasion? |
People are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness |
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What is Central Route Persuasion? |
People focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts |
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What is the foot-in-the-door phenomenon? |
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request To later agree with a large request |
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What is the role-playing affect? |
When you adopt a new role You strive to follow the social prescriptions. |
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What is Cognitive Dissonance Theory? |
When we become aware of our attitudes and actions being inconsistent we experience tension |
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What is social influence? |
Words and actions of others affect a person's social behavior |
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What is Automatic Mimicry? |
Unconsciously imitating others expressions, posture, and tone of voice |
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What are social norms? |
Learned rules of culture about what to do, in different situations |
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What is Conformity? |
Changing behaviors or beliefs
To coincide with a group standards
Due to unspoken group pressure |
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What is normative social influence? |
Influence that derives from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval |
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What is informational social influence? |
Social influence based on Person's willingness to accept others opinions and reality |
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What is obedience? |
Agreeing to an explicit demand, typically from an authority figure |
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In milgram's obedience study, what were the factors increasing obedience? |
Experimenter was present and prestigious
Victim was depersonalized and at a distance
No role model for defiance
Person had high authoritarianism or people with external locus of control |
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What is social facilitation? |
When an individual is being observed
There is an increased arousal
Increasing performance on easy tasks |
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What is social loafing? |
In a group setting
There is a diminishing feeling of responsibility
Causing a decrease in individual effort |
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What is de-individuation? |
In a group setting that Fosters arousal and anonymity, it causes people to
Reduce self-awareness and self-restraint |
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What is Group Polarization? |
Group action is more extreme Group action is more extreme Than the initial inclination of their members Group action is more extreme Than the initial inclination of their members Than the initial inclination of their members |
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What is Groupthink? |
When the desire for Harmony in a group
Overrides rational decision making |
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What is a prejudice? |
An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members |
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What is a stereotype? |
A generalized belief about a group of people |
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What is discrimination? |
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members |
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What is the Just-World phenomenon? |
The belief that the world is just and people get what they deserve |
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What are ingroups? |
People that we share a common identity with. "Us"
(E.g. they look like us and sounds like us) |
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What are outgroups? |
Those perceived as different or not from our ingroup. "them" |
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What is ingroup bias? |
The tendency to favor our own group |
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What is the scapegoat Theory? |
Prejudice offers an outlet for anger By providing someone to blame |
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What is the other-race effect? |
Recall faces of one's own race more accurately Than faces of other races |
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What is psychology's definition of aggression? |
Any act intended to harm someone Physically or emotionally |
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What are biological factors of aggression? |
Genetic influence (Y chromosome)
Neural influence (active amygdala, low activity in the frontal lobe)
Biochemical influence (high testosterone levels, intoxication) |
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What are psychological factors to aggressive behavior? |
Frustration Reward for aggressive behavior Aggressive role models Intoxication Dominating Behavior No self-control |
F.R.A.I.D.N |
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What are social cultural factors to aggressive behavior? |
De-individuation Environmental factors Minimal father involvement Parental models of aggression Exposure to Violent media Group rejection |
D.E.M.P.E.G |
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What are keys to interpersonal attraction? |
Mere exposure effect
Attraction of person and environment.
Similar to themselves |
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What is the mere exposure effect? |
Repeated exposure to a novel stimuli Increases the liking of them |
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What is Reciprocal Causality? |
Attraction between people who spend time with each other Causes them to become more similar |
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What is passionate love? |
An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another |
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What can help us understand intense positive absorption in another? |
The two-factor theory of emotion
Physical arousal and cognitive appraisal
After an arousing experience people are more likely to be attracted |
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What is compassionate love? |
The deep affectionate attachment
To those who our lives are intertwined |
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What is the decision-making process for bystander intervention? |
Notice the incident
Interprets incident as emergency
Assume responsibility
Decides what to do
Attempts to help |
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What is the bystander effect? |
The tendency for people to be less likely to help if other people are present |
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When are we most inclined to help others? |
The person: Need and deserves help Similar to us A woman
When we: Observed helpfulness In a small town Feel guilty Focused on others In a good mood |
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What are three major theories of why people help? |
Cost-reward theory Empathy-altruism Theory Evolution Theory |
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What is cost-reward theory? |
Helping depends on the benefit and the cost
Seeing someone suffer is unpleasantly arousing
Creating the drive to help to reduce your negative arousal |
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What is Empathy Altruism Theory? |
Unselfish helping occurs when we empathize with the person's emotional state |
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What is evolutionary theory of why we help people? |
Social behaviors is adaptive Increasing species survival |
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What is social exchange theory? |
The aim is to maximize benefits and minimize costs. |
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What is the reciprocity norm? |
The expectation that people will help those who have helped them. |
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What is the social-responsibility norm? |
The expectation that people will help those needing their help. |
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What is a social trap? |
When each conflicting party
Persuade themselves into mutual destruction. |
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What is mirror-image perception? |
When two parties view themselves as ethical and peaceful and the other as evil and aggressive. |
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