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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Discuss jurors’ reliance on eyewitness testimony and their tendency to overestimate the accuracy of eyewitnesses. |
Jurors rely heavily on eyewitnesstestimony and they overestimate the accuracy of eyewitness testimony |
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Identify biases in memory processing that lead to inaccurate eyewitness testimony. Distinguish between acquisition, storage and retrieval. |
Acquisition: the processby which people notice and pay attention to information in the environment;because people cannot perceive everything that is happening around them, theyacquire only a subset of the information available in the environment (poor viewing, own race bias) Storage: the process bywhich people store in memory information they have acquired from theenvironment (when people ask questions itchanges what you thought you saw) Retrieval: the process by whichpeople recall informations stored in their memory (picking someone in the lineup) |
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Discuss the influence of familiarity on memory. |
Unfamiliar things are more difficultto recognize than familiar things. |
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Discuss why confidence in a witness does notnecessarily equal accuracy of the testimony. |
The things that influence people’saccuracy are not the same as the things that influence confidence. People can see something under poorconditions, which would decrease accuracy but still be very confident. They would become less confident if anotherwitness identifies a different subject |
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Describe two approaches that have been attempted to improve the accuracy of eyewitness testimony, and discuss how successful these two approaches have been |
Hypnosis: ineffective, more susceptible tosuggestion so they believe they saw things that they really didn’t Cognitive interview:trained interviewer tries to improve eyewitnesses’ memories by focusing theirattention on the details and context of the event. Ask the person to recall the event severaltimes from different starting points and ask the person to create a mentalimage of the scene. It can be effective in increasing errors with children andhelps with witness’ recall. |
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Identify the role of group processes and social interactions in the way juries reach verdicts. Discuss the role of conformity in the process of jury deliberation. |
Majorities have the say. Everyone conforms. |
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What is the impact of emotional pretrialpublicity on the jury’s verdict? |
Jurors become biased bywatching portrayals on television before they hear the real evidence. |
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Explain why social psychologists tend to be against proposals to reduce jury size from 12 to 6. |
When there is 6, there isless chance of a minority so there is more chance of conformity. |
