Social Change And Environment

Front 1

Social change

Back 1

The alteration of culture and societies over time

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Modernization

Back 2

the transformation of traditional societies into industrial societies

Front 3

unilinear theory

Back 3

Assume that all species follow the same path, each evolves from simpler to more complex forms

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multilinear theory

Back 4

Proposed that different routes lead to the same stage of development

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cyclical theories

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Attempt to account for the rise of the entire civilizations

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dialectical process (of history)

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Each arrangement of power, (a thesis) contains traditions, (antithesis) which make the arrangement unstable and which must be resolved; the new arrangement of power, (a synthesis) contains its own contradictions: this process of balancing and unbalancing continues throughout history as groups struggle for power and other resources

Front 7

Invention

Back 7

The combination of the existing elements and materials to form new ones: identified by William Ogburn as one of three processes of social change

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Discovery

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A new way of seeing reality: identified by William Ogburn as one of three processes of social change

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Diffusion

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the spread of an invention or a discovery from one area to another, identified by William Ogburn as one of three processes of social change

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Cultural lag

Back 10

Ogburn's term for human behavior lagging behind technology innovations

Front 11

William Ogburn

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Proposed the theory of social change that is based largely on technology, he said technology changes society by three processes: invention, discovery, and diffusion

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Post modern society

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Another term for post industrial society, a chief characteristic is the use of tools that extend human abilities to gather and analyze information, to communicate, and to travel

Front 13

Sustainable environment

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The world system that takes into account the limits of the environment, produces enough material goods for everyone's needs, and leaves a heritage of sound environment for the next generation

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Acid rain

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Rain containing sulphuric and nitric acids (burning fossil fuels release sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide have become sulfuric acid and nitric acid when they react with moisture in the air)

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Environmental injustice

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refers to how minorities and the poor are harmed the most by environmental pollution

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ecosabotage

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Action taken to sabotage the efforts of people who are thought to be legally harming the environment