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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the relationship of the following planes and baselines to the IR when the skull is positioned true lateral? IPL MCP MSP IOML |
Perpendicular Perpendicular Parallel Parallel |
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What planes and baselines are perpendicular to the IR when positioning the skill for a PA projection? |
MSP and OML |
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What is the routine for a skull at JBH? |
PA Towne and lateral of affected side |
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What is another name for a Towne skull? |
Grashey or AP axial projection |
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Where are the Petrous ridges projected in each of the following positions? PA PA axial/Caldwell |
Filling orbit Lower 1/3 orbit |
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Where does the CR enter for each of the following? Lateral PA PA axial/Caldwell Towne Sella Turcica |
2” above EAM Nasion Nasion 3” above nasion (hairline) 3/4” anterior and 3/4” superior to EAM |
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What is another name for the submentovertical? |
SMV, Basilar and Schuller method |
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What does the Towne demonstrate? |
Foramen magnum, occipital bone and posterior portion of the parietals |
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What is the direction of the CR on a SMV? What structure does it pass through? |
From the submental area between the angles of the mandible to the vertex of the skull. The CR passes through the sella turcica. |
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Where does the CR exit on a Grashey skull? |
Base of the skull, through the foramen magnum |
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For a Towne/Grashey skull: What is the degree of angulation and direction of the CR when the OML is perpendicular to the IR? When the IOML is perpendicular to the IR? Where does the CR enter for both? |
30 degrees caudal 37 degrees caudal 2 1/2-3” above nasion (hairline) |
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What does the Caldwell skull demonstrate? |
Petrous ridges in the lower third of the orbit, crista galli, dorsum sellae, posterior ethmoid air cells, frontal bone (and upper orbit) and frontal sinuses and anterior ethmoidal air cells. |
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What does the PA skull demonstrate? |
Orbits filled with Petrous ridges, crista galli, dorsum sellae, posterior ethmoid air cells, frontal bone and frontal sinuses. |
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Describe the Haas position: Patient position Relationship of planes and baselines to IR CR entrance/exit (and degree and direction) Structures shown |
Prone or PA upright MSP and OML perpendicular to IR Direct CR 25 degrees cephalad, entering 1 1/2” below EOP and exiting 1 1/2” above nasion Posterior clinoid processes and dorsum sellae projected through the foramen magnum, the occipital bone and posterior portion of the parietals. |
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When doing an SMV what structures will be demonstrated when the technical factors are decreased? |
Zygomatic arches |
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Where should the mandibular condyles be in relationship to the Petrous ridges on a SMV? |
Anterior |
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What determines if rotation is or isn’t present on a PA skull image? |
The distance between the lateral border of the orbit and the lateral border of the skull equal on both sides. |
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Lateral skull |
Sella turcica in profile Superimposed halves of the skull |
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Caldwell |
Frontal bone and upper orbit Crista galli |
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PA skull with 20-25 caudal angle |
Superior orbital fissure |
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PA skull with a 25-30 caudal angle |
Foramen rotundum |
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PA skull with perpendicular CR |
Petrous ridges filling the orbits Crista galli
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Grashey/Towne |
Dorsum sella in the shadow of the foramen magnum |
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SMV |
Foramen ovale and spinousum Foramen magnum in its entirety |
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Cross table lateral skull |
Sphenoid sinus effusion which indicates basilar skull fracture |
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Where does the CR enter for a SMW projection? |
Enters the submental area (between gonion) 3/4” anterior to EAM |
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What baselines/planes are parallel/perpendicular to the IR for the SMV? |
IOML parallel to IR, MSP perpendicular to IR |
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What is the CR entrance and angle for a Caldwell skull? |
15 degrees caudal exiting nasion |
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What are the evaluation criteria to determine rotation on a lateral skull? |
Sella turcica in profile laterally, superimposed orbital roofs, mastoid region, EAM and TMJs. (Sella in profile laterally, mandibular rami superimposed, orbital roofs superimposed) |
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What does a cross table lateral skull demonstrate that makes it a valuable projection when imaging a trauma patient? |
Demonstrates a sphenoid sinus effusion which indicates a basilar skull fracture |
