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6 Cards in this Set
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Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact |
In August 1939, Germany and Soviet Union publicly agreed to a 10 year nonaggression pact which said that they would not go to war. This pact also included a secret deal that concerned acquiring Poland. The deal said that Stalin would not act against Germany for attacking Poland. Then, Germany and the Soviet Union would divide Poland between them. Hitler instigated the pact to go after the western front. On September 1st, 1939, Germany violently invaded Poland which caused Britain and France to declare war on Germany. Germany broke the pact and caused the Soviet Union to side with the Allied Powers when they invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941.
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Adolf Hitler
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Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Lenz, Austria. In 1907, he moved to Vienna to pursue an art career and applies for art school. He doesn't get into the school and ends up homeless. During this time, he finds inspiration in Charles Darwin's Origin of Species and the ideas of Nietzsche. Hitler fought for the German army in WWI on the Western Front where he is injured twice and is awarded with both the Iron Cross and the Iron Cross 1st Class. On his 30th birthday in 1919, he joined the Nazi Party and is the leader by 1921. He created the Nazi ideology by writing Mein Kampf in 1925 during his time in prison. He becomes Chancellor in 1933. Finally, he obtained absolute power in Germany on August 2, 1934. He is responsible for starting WWII with the invasion of Poland on September 1st, 1939. |
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Manhattan Project
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In 1939, Albert Einstein wrote the US government warning them about the possibility that Germany could be developing atomic bombs and that they should start their own nuclear program. Production of the first atomic bomb began in 1942 under the code name "The Manhattan Project". The test bomb was exploded in New Mexico in July 1945. The US government had three options: drop a bomb on Japan, don't drop a bomb on Japan, or on a depopulated island only. Three factors figured into the final decision: it would save American lives, it would be revenge on Japan (13% of Americans favored extermination of the Japanese), it would end the war before the USSR could invade Japan. On August 6th, 1945, America dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese island, Hiroshima, which caused a total of over 150,000 deaths. On August 9, 1945, America dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki which caused another 70,000 deaths and caused Japan to surrender on August 14, 1945.
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Japanese Internment
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After the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Americans were concerned over a Japanese invasion of the West Coast. Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized Executive Order 9066 which placed 110,000 Japanese and Japanese-Americans into interment camps. These camps were created to secure national security after Americans were afraid that Japanese-Americans were going to turn against the US. The Japanese were forced to live in barracks that had terrible living conditions. They were forced to do manual labor and weren't allowed to leave. The Korematsu vs US case in 1944 ended in the ruling that individual rights can be temporarily eliminated during wartime. |
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Pearl Harbor
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On December 7th, 1941, Japan surprise attacked the US naval base in Hawaii. The attack was intended to keep the US Pacific Fleet from interfering with the Japanese military actions that were being planned against territories of the UK, Netherlands, and the US. The Japanese used military planes to try and attack power plants, aircraft carriers and oil tanks and ultimately failed. The attack left 2,500 Americans dead and 1,000 injured. Japan was expected to lose 120 planes but only lost 27. The next day, December 8, the United States entered WWII by declaring war on Japan.
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Essay
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Topic: What are some of the economic danger signs prior to Great Depression, and how effective were the government's responses by 1932?
Thesis: During the Roaring Twenties, the American economy grew so rapidly that it covered up issues such as mass unemployment, the increasing inequality of wealth, and how the stock market was not being controlled which led to the downfall of the economy and the Great Depression. The effectiveness of government responses by 1932 varied such as the controversial response from President Herbert Hoover and the reassurance of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal. Outline: I. Thesis + Intro II. Danger signs: - Technological unemployment (machines replaced manual labor; throughout decade 2-4 million unemployed) - Increasing Inequality of Wealth ("Roaring Twenties" only touched top 10%; majority of Americans still living in poverty before great depression; 1:6 families owned a car; 1:5 had running water) - Speculation in Stock Market was Not Controlled (individuals bought stocks on credit; no problem as long as prices keep up) III. Government responses effectiveness: - Hoover's "it could have been worse"; blamed depression on Europe - FDR's New Deal; Relief, Recovery & Reform IV. Conclusion (Restate Thesis) |
