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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cells
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Life's "Chemical Factories". Smallest building block of life.
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Carbohydrates
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Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen. Storage and transportation of energy.
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Amino Acids
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Form proteins and function as chemical messengers and as intermediates in metabolism.
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Sugar
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Basic Carb. Stores chemical energy.
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Carbon
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Occurs in all organic life.
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Cellulose
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Dietary Fiber
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Starch
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Most important carb for humans. Made by green plants as an energy store.
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Lipids
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Energy storage.
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Protein
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Carry out specific genetic duties.
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Cell Membrane
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Semi-permeable. Surrounds all cells. Proteins and lipids.
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Mitochondria
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"Cellular Power Plants." Organelle.
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Chloroplast
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Plant organelles. Capture light energy for photosynthesis.
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Organelle
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Any specialized cell structure.
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Glucose
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Carb. Main product of photosynthesis.
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Nucleus
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"Control Center" Membrane enclosed organelle. Contains DNA.
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Photosynthesis
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Process that converts CO2 into sugars from sun energy.
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Glycolysis
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Process of converting sugar into energy-rich molecules in plants and animals.
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ATP
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Cell's "Energy Currency." Provide energy.
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Respiration
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Oxidative Metabolism. How a cell gains energy by transforming things into ATP.
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Fermentation
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Oxidation of organic compounds. Sugars help this process.
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Pyruvic Acid
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Key element in several metabolizations.
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Gene
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Basic unit of heredity.
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Mitosis
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One cell becomes two. Non-sexual reproduction.
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Meiosis
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One becomes four gametes. Half number of chromosomes. Sexual reproduction.
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Chromosome
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Elongated colored object. Structure of DNA and proteins in cells.
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DNA
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Nucleic acid containing genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms.
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Nucleotides
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Combine to make DNA and RNA. Play central roles in metabolism. One genetic letter.
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Messenger RNA
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Copies DNA.
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Transfer RNA
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Holds an amino acid.
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Ribosomal RNA
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Assembles protein.
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Messenger RNA
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Copies DNA.
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Transfer RNA
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Holds an amino acid.
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Ribosomal RNA
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Assembles protein.
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Base Pair
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Adenine : Thymine
Cytosine : Guanine Derives from DNA double helix split. |
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Genome
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All genetic materials of an organism. (23 in humans)
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Codon
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One 3-letter genetic word that defines an amino acid.
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DNA to Protein Process
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mRNA > tRNA > Amino Acid
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Virus
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Loop of genetic material (DNA/RNA) wrapped in proteins. Infects cells using universal genetic code.
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