Science Chapter 22

Front 1

Decomposer organisms

Back 1

An organism that breaks down dead organisms and returns this material to the soil.

Front 2

food web

Back 2

A method of illustrating the interralationships between food chains in an ecosystem.

Front 3

ecological pyramids

Back 3

An illustration shaped like a pyramid and divided into layers to show the energy relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.

Front 4

Herbivores

Back 4

An organism that eats only plants.

Front 5

Carnivores

Back 5

An organism that eats only animals.

Front 6

Omnivores

Back 6

An organism that eats plants and animals.

Front 7

predator

Back 7

An animal that feeds on other animals.

Front 8

prey

Back 8

Animals that a predator eats.

Front 9

Why do ecosystems not have energy cycles?

Back 9

Living things lose much of the energy they use. Once energy is lost, living things cannot use it again.

Front 10

Name some decomposer organisms.

Back 10

bacteria or fungi...dead animals

Front 11

What kind of organisms are at the bottom of an ecological pyramid?

Back 11

Producer organisms

Front 12

About what percentage of the energy is transferred from an organism to the organism that eats it?

Back 12

10%

Front 13

independent organism

Back 13

an organism that exists without the aid of other members of the same species

Front 14

animal society

Back 14

A group of animals of the same species which live together

Front 15

social insects

Back 15

An insect that lives in a colony.

Front 16

competition

Back 16

The struggle amongst organisms for an essential factor that is in short supply in the environment.

Front 17

When do independent organisms interact with other members of their species?

Back 17

sexual reproduction

Front 18

Which lions defend a pride's territory?

Back 18

the male lion

Front 19

which lions do the most hunting?

Back 19

lionesses

Front 20

What benefits do elephants receive from living in herds?

Back 20

no animal predators

Front 21

Why might a social insect permanently leave its original social group?

Back 21

for mating purposes

Front 22

____________ may occur when an essential factor is in short supply.

Back 22

competition

Front 23

commensalism

Back 23

a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other one is not helped or harmed

Front 24

scavengers

Back 24

An animal that eats dead bodies

Front 25

epiphytes

Back 25

A plant that grows on the outside of another plant but does not take nourishment from the plant on which it grows.

Front 26

mutualism

Back 26

A relationship that is beneficial to both organisms involved.

Front 27

In ______, one population benefits and the other is unaffected

Back 27

commensalism

Front 28

What do the predator-scavenger relationship and tree-epiphyte relationship have in common?

Back 28

They are both examples of commendsalism