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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is botany |
the study of plants |
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what is a root |
anchor plants absorb water and mineral |
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what is a node |
a region where a leaf is or was attached |
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What has one or a few main roots that are thicker and longer than the other roots of a plant |
top root system
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this type of root system has a cluster of roots that are about equal in size |
Fibrous root system |
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small root that branch from the main root |
Lateral roots |
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Hard non flexible stems |
Woody |
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softer and more flexible stem |
Herbaceous |
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Flat green part of the leaf |
blade |
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Attached at stem by node |
Leaf |
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a leaf that looks like it has several individual leaves called leaflets |
Compound leaf |
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Smaller pieces of the blade |
leaflet |
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the area between the node and blade containing veins |
Petioles |
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tissue which carry water and sugar, can be seen in blade and continue through petiole to stem |
vein
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caused by the pressure of water inside plant cells |
turgor pressure |
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arrangement is it when there are 3 leaves attached to the node |
whorled |
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arrangement is it when there are 1 leaf attached at the node |
alternate |
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the arrangement of the veins on a leaf when they go strait up and downs |
parallel |
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2 leaves per node |
opposite |
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a bundle or strand of xylem and phloem cells found in leaves and non-woody stems |
Vascular bundle |
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Tissue in a plant that carries sugar solutions from the leaf to other parts of the plant |
phloem |
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Tissue is made primarily of long hollow cells which carry water, oldest xylem cells are in center of plant |
Xylem |
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extremely long narrow cells which support the plant, example
cornstalk-used to make rope and cloth |
Fiber |
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oldest xylem which is hard and more rigid |
heartwood |
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younger xylem cells which still carry water |
sapwood |
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The outermost protective tissues of leaves, young roots, and young stems made of flat cells |
epidermis |
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a non-cellular waxy protective covering of leaves and young stems for extra protective
Shiny leaves |
Bark |
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tissue between xylem and bark that makes xylem cells which are towards center of stem and phloem cells which are pushed out forming inner layer of bark |
Vascular cambium |
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Tough waterproof outermost bark layer
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Cork |
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living cells which produces cork cells |
cork cambium |
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What is a leaf called if its blades look like it has several individual leaves
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Compound leaf
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Water and sugar conducting tissues and they are also noticeable leaf blades
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Veins
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In some least a larger veins are all parallel to each other what is this called
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Parallel venation
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other leaves have things that branch from the base of the leaf what is this called
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Palmate venation
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One main vein extending the length of the leaf with small of veins branching away from the main vein along its entire length what is this called
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Pinnate venation
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When there is only one leaf attached at a node the leaf arrangement is called what
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Alternate
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Is there are two leaves at each node then the leaves are said to be what
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Opposite
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When there is three or more leaves per nod what arrangement is this called
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Whorled
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What are the two most important characteristics of the survival of plants
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Cell walls and plastids
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What is the cell wall of plants largely made of
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Cellulose
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What do plants use to convert the sun's light energy into food during photosynthesis
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Chloroplast
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What does chlorophyll capture
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lights energy
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Blank is made primarily of long hollow sells much like miniature
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xylems
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What is made of layers of xylem Have formed over several years
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Wood
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Younger xylem that still carries water
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Sapwood
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Blank carries a sugar solution from the leaves to other parts of the plant
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Phloem
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What are the three key steps that involved in tansporting water in plants
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. Entrance to the root.
Transport through the xylem . exit through the leaves |
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The tiny openings that I found on the underside of many leaves are called what
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stomata
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Stomata openings are surrounded by special epidermal cells called what
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guard cells
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what is the exiting of water through the stomata of plants
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Transpiration
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And the woody parts of plants oxygen passes through tiny openings in the bark called what
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Lenticels
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In a typical leaf the tissue under the epidermis is a layer of tall thin closely packed cells called what
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Palisade layer
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What is the tissue below the palisade layer called
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The spongy layer
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What is a growth region located between the plants xylem and phloem
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Vascular cambium
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Chemical substance that are made by plants and that affect how plant tissues grow
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Hormones
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What is an important plant hormone
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auxin
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The growth responses of a plant to its environment all called what
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Tropism s
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When a plant response by going toward a factor in its environment it has a what
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Positive tropism
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If the plant goes away from a factor in its environment it has a what
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Negative tropism
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Blank is a plant growth respond to light
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Phototropism
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Blank is the plants growth response to touch
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Thigmotropism
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Blank is a plant's growth response to gravity
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Gravitropism
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Blank is a plants respond to the length of time it is exposed to light
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Photoperiodism
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Why are fungi and bacteria important in the natural environment
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Decomposes waste
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mutations that occur and gamete a gamete forming cells are called what
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germ mutations
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What enters a parameciums oral groove
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Food food food fooooood
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A common method of fungal reproduction is through the release of tiny what
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Spores
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