Sccc-Human Anatomy Final Exam (Part 2 Of 3)

Front 1

Replacement of damaged tissue with the same kind of tissue is termed __.

Back 1

regeneration

Front 2

__ __ are the type of membranes enclosing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

Back 2

serous membranes

Front 3

The __ is the specific membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity.

Back 3

peritoneum

Front 4

A tissue with intercalated discs is __ __.

Back 4

cardiac muscle

Front 5

The scientific term for cartilage cells is __.

Back 5

chondrocytes

Front 6

The scientific term for fat cells is __.

Back 6

adipocytes

Front 7

Each hair grows in an oblique epithelial tube called a __.

Back 7

follicle

Front 8

The holocrine glands of the skin secrete __.

Back 8

sebum

Front 9

Dead keratinized cells form the stratum __ of the skin.

Back 9

corneum

Front 10

A deficiency of oxygen in the blood can give rise to a skin color called ___.

Back 10

cyanosis

Front 11

The fingernails are composed of the protein __.

Back 11

keratin

Front 12

Perspiration creates a protective low-pH film on the skin called the __ __.

Back 12

acid mantle

Front 13

Sweat is secreted by the mechanism called __, in which secretory vesicles release their contents at the apical surface of the gland cell.

Back 13

exocytosis

Front 14

Axillary sweat glands are in a class called __ glands after a former, mistaken belief about their mode of secretion.

Back 14

apocrine

Front 15

Earwax is also called __.

Back 15

cerumen

Front 16

A mole is an example of __.

Back 16

nevus

Front 17

Hair of the eyebrows is an example of __.

Back 17

terminal laser

Front 18

Thinning of the hair is termed ___.

Back 18

alopecia

Front 19

A yellow pigment, ___, is sometimes found in the skin.

Back 19

carotene

Front 20

A birthmark is an example of __.

Back 20

hemangioma

Front 21

The scientific term for visible sweating is ___.

Back 21

diaphoresis

Front 22

___ is the principle protein of the stratum corneum.

Back 22

Keratin

Front 23

___ is the principal protein of the fingernails.

Back 23

keratin

Front 24

A tendon connects a muscle to a bone, whereas a ___ connects one bone to another.

Back 24

ligament

Front 25

Sutural (wormian) bones are found in some adults between the major bones of the ___.

Back 25

cranium

Front 26

The head of a long bone is called its ___.

Back 26

epiphysis

Front 27

The medullary cavity of a bone is lined by fibrous connective tissue membrane called the ___.

Back 27

endosteum

Front 28

A person stops growing in height when closure of the ___ occurs around 18-20 years of age.

Back 28

epiphyseal plates

Front 29

Cells called __ deposit matrix at the surface of a bone.

Back 29

osteoblasts

Front 30

The __ in bone resists tension and usually prevents a bone from shattering under stress.

Back 30

collagen

Front 31

Some bone marrow is said to be hemopoietic because it produces __ __.

Back 31

blood cells

Front 32

The __ is the roughened portion of a bone to which a tendon is attached.

Back 32

tuberosity

Front 33

__ __ are the forerunners of osteocytes.

Back 33

osteogenic cells

Front 34

__ is a deficiency of calcium in the blood.

Back 34

hypocalcemia

Front 35

The source of calcitonin is the __.

Back 35

thyroid

Front 36

The deficiency of __ often underlies osteoporosis

Back 36

estrogen

Front 37

A __ fracture is one in which a bone is broken into several fragments

Back 37

comminuted

Front 38

Soft tissue that is an early stage of intramembranous ossification is called __.

Back 38

osteoid

Front 39

__ __ is produced by the action of ultraviolet radiation on cholesterol.

Back 39

vitamin d

Front 40

Yellow bone marrow consists mainly of __.

Back 40

adipose tissue

Front 41

Two knoblike processes of the skull, called the __ __ articulate with the spinal column

Back 41

occipital condyles

Front 42

The pituitary gland lies in a cavity of the spenoid bone called the __.

Back 42

sella turcica

Front 43

Most of the space in each nasal fossa is occupied by three scroll-like ___.

Back 43

conchae

Front 44

The inferior half of the nasal septum is formed by a bone called the __.

Back 44

vomer

Front 45

About one-quarter of the length of the spinal column consists of the cartilaginous __ __ between the vertebrae

Back 45

intervertebral discs

Front 46

each half of the adult pelvis is a bone called the __.

Back 46

os coxae

Front 47

The socket of the hip joint is called the __

Back 47

acetabulum

Front 48

The weight-bearing bone of the calf is the __

Back 48

tibia

Front 49

The calcaneal or Achilles tendon inserts on a bone called the __.

Back 49

calcaneus

Front 50

The lateral malleolus of the ankle is the distal head of the __.

Back 50

fibula

Front 51

A tooth socket would be found in the __ of the mandible and maxilla.

Back 51

alveolus

Front 52

The scientific term for the forearm is __

Back 52

antebrachium

Front 53

The __ is the largest part of the sternum

Back 53

body

Front 54

The sella turcica holds the __ __.

Back 54

pituitary gland

Front 55

The apex of the shoulder is called the __.

Back 55

acromion

Front 56

The apex of the elbow is the __

Back 56

olecranon

Front 57

Freely movable joints such as the knuckles are called ____

Back 57

diarthroses

Front 58

Skull sutures and other immovable joints are called __

Back 58

synarthroses

Front 59

Two long bones joined by a broad interosseous membrane form a type of joint called __.

Back 59

syndesmosis

Front 60

The lubricant in the joint cavity of diarthrosis is called __ __.

Back 60

synovial fluid

Front 61

A long, tubular in the joint cavity of a diarthrosis is called __ __.

Back 61

tendon sheath

Front 62

The maximum angle through which a joint can move is called its __ __ __.

Back 62

range of motion

Front 63

fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid, termed __, is adjacent to a joint cavity.

Back 63

bursa

Front 64

The synovial joint type, called __ __ is unique to the trapeziometacarpal joint.

Back 64

saddle joint

Front 65

The synovial joint type, called __ __ is seen between the radius and ulna and between the atlas and axis.

Back 65

pivot joint

Front 66

The __ __ is formed by tendons of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatur, and teres minor muscles.

Back 66

rotator cuff

Front 67

The __ __ deepens the socket of the hip joint and helps stabilize the joint.

Back 67

acetabular labrum

Front 68

the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located in the __.

Back 68

knee

Front 69

A fibrous band or cord connecting one bone to another is ___.

Back 69

ligament

Front 70

The prepatellar, suprapatellar, and two infrapatellar bursae are located in the __.

Back 70

knee

Front 71

Several body orifices are regulated by circular muscles called __.

Back 71

sphincters

Front 72

Muscle fibers are arranged in bundles called __.

Back 72

fascicles

Front 73

A muscle that prevents unwanted movement of a bone is called a __.

Back 73

fixator

Front 74

The muscle of the lips is the __ __.

Back 74

orbicularis oris

Front 75

The prime mover of neck flexion is prominent muscle on the side of the neck called the __.

Back 75

sternocleidomastoid

Front 76

In a __ muscle, the fascicles diverge from both sides of a central tendon.

Back 76

bipennate

Front 77

The largest muscle of the upper back is the __.

Back 77

trapezius

Front 78

The hamstring muscles are the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and __ __.

Back 78

biceps femoris

Front 79

The anterior aspect of the thigh is dominated by the __ __ a large muscle with four heads.

Back 79

quadriceps femoris

Front 80

The scientific name describing a broad flat tendon is __.

Back 80

aponeurosis

Front 81

Muscle that produces the main force in a given joint action is the __ __.

Back 81

prime mover

Front 82

The antogonist of the rectus femoris is the __.

Back 82

semitendinosus

Front 83

The synergist of the biceps brachii is the __.

Back 83

brachialis

Front 84

The __ __ forms the web between the thumb and palm.

Back 84

adductor pilicis

Front 85

The __ is the connective tissue band that holds down tendons at eh wrist or ankle.

Back 85

retinaculum

Front 86

The __ helps to void the last few milliliters of urine.

Back 86

Bulbospongiosus

Front 87

The scientific name for the thick middle part of a muscle is the __.

Back 87

belly

Front 88

The tendency of a stretched fiber to return to its original length is called __.

Back 88

elasticity

Front 89

One motor nerve fiber and all the muscle fubers innervated by it are called a ___.

Back 89

motor unit

Front 90

A plasma membrane is said to be __ if there is difference in charge on opposite sides of it.

Back 90

polarized

Front 91

The events that occur between the time a nerve fiber stimulates a muscle fiber and the time the muscle fiber begins to contract are called __ __.

Back 91

excitation-contraction coupling

Front 92

The __ __ theory is the current model of how a muscle fiber contracts.

Back 92

sliding filament

Front 93

A resting muscle is normally in a state of partial contraction called __.

Back 93

tonus (muscle tone)

Front 94

The __ __ __ is local change in the voltage across the sarcolemma caused by a neurotransmitter

Back 94

end plate potential

Front 95

A muscle fiber will not contract unless it is depolarized to a voltage is called its ___.

Back 95

threshold

Front 96

Motor nerve fibers release a neurotransmitter called __, which makes skeletal muscle fibers contract.

Back 96

acetylcholine

Front 97

In a resting muscle, an organelle called the __ __ contains a concentrated solution of calcium.

Back 97

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 98

A quick cycle of muscle contraction and relaxation is termed __.

Back 98

twitch

Front 99

A delay between the stimulation of a muscle fiber and the onset of contraction is the __ __.

Back 99

latent period

Front 100

__ __ lowers the pH of the sarcoplasm and contributes to muscle fatigue.

Back 100

lactic acid