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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dermatology
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Study of the skin, it's structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.
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The Skin and its pH
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Consists of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers. The average pH of skin is 4.5-5.5.
pH (potential hydrogen) is a unit of measurement that indicates whether a substance is acidic, neutral or alkaline. |
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Epidermis
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The outermost layer of the skin; also referred to as cuticle or scarf skin.
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Dermis "True Skin"
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The underlying, or inner layer of the skin; also called the derma, corium, cutis or true skin; made up of connective tissues; the sweat (sudoriferous) glands, oil (sebaceous) glands, sensory nerve endings and receptors, blood vessels, arrector pili muscles and a major portion of each hair follicle are found in the dermis.
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Subcutaneous
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Fatty layer below the dermis of the skin; protective cushion for the skin; acts as a shock absorber to protect the bones and to help support the delicate structures such as blood vessels and nerve endings.
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Stratum Corneum
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The uppermost layer of the epidermis; the toughest layer, composed of keratin protein cells that are continually shed and continually replaced by new cells from below.
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Stratum Lucidum
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The layer of the epidermis just below the stratum corneum; it is the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, where there are no hair follicles.
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Stratum Granulosum
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The later of the epidermis below the stratum lucidum and above the stratum spinosum; in this layer the cells become more regularly shaped and look like many tiny granules.
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Stratum Spinosum
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The layer of the epidermis just above the stratum germinativum; sometimes considered part of the stratum germinativum; includes all cells that have absorbed melanin to distribute pigmentation to other cells.
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Stratum Germinativum
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The lowest level of the epidermis where mitosis or cell division takes place, begins with stratum basale, or basal cell layer, which is a single layer thick.
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Sudoriferous Glands
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Controlled by the nervous system of the body; each gland consists of a coiled base and tune-like duct opening on the surface of the skin to form sweat pore; control and regulate body temperatures; excrete waste products; help to maintain the acidic pH factor of the skin.
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Sebaceous Glands
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Oil glands; partially controlled by the nervous system; sac-like glands that are attached to hair follicles; result in oily skin when an over-abundance of sebum is produced by the glands.
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Tinea
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Medical term for ringworm; red, circular patch of small blisters; caused by a vegetable parasite.
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Hyperhidrosis
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An over production of perspiration caused by excessive heat or general body weakness; requires medical attention.
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Milia
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Also called whiteheads; caused by the accumulation of hardened sebum beneath the skin.
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Dermatitis
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An inflammatory disorder if the skin.
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Effleurage
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Light, gliding massage strokes or circular motions made with the palms of the hands or pads of the fingertips; often used to begin and/ or end a treatment; used on the face, neck, and arms.
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Petrissage
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Light or heavy kneading and rolling of the muscles; performed by kneading muscles between the the and fingers or by pressing the palm of the hand firmly over the muscles, then grasping and squeezing with the heel of the hand and fingers; generally performed from the front of the head to the back; used on the face, arms, shoulders, and upper back.
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Tapotement
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Also called percussion or hacking; light tapping or slapping movement applied with the fingers or partly flexed fingers; used in the arms, back and shoulders.
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Friction
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Circular or wringing movement with no gliding used in the scalp or with a facial when less pressure is desired; applied with the fingertips or palms; a way in which he hair cuticle can be damaged by combing and brushing.
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Vibration
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Shaking movement; your arms shake as you touch the client with your fingertips or palms.
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Antiseptic
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Liquid or foam-based products used to reduce bacteria, viruses, and fungus on the skin.
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Astringement
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A substance that is a chemical compound that tends to shrink or constrict body tissues, usually locally after topical medicinal application.
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